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  5. /Matrix Reasoning

Clinical trials data

Matrix Reasoning in clinical trials: 272 registered studies

Every registered study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names Matrix Reasoning in an outcome measure: the conditions it is used in, how often it is a primary outcome, the tests it is named with, and how large the studies are.

Registered studies name it in an outcome measure
272
Name it in a primary outcome, 35%
94 of 272
Against similar tests
Of studies started 2021 to 2025 name it, against 1.5% in 2016 to 2020
1.6%
By year
Median participants per study
100
By phase
Try Matrix Reasoning

The conditions it is used in

Each study counted once in each condition group it falls in.
  1. Dementia and Alzheimer's25 studies, 8 as a primary outcome

  2. Schizophrenia and psychosis21 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  3. Depression and bipolar disorder21 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  4. Aging, frailty and exercise20 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  5. Obesity and diabetes19 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  6. Healthy volunteers16 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  7. Parkinson's disease14 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  8. Autism14 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  9. Mild cognitive impairment13 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  10. Stroke11 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  11. Sleep and sleep disorders11 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  12. Brain injury and concussion10 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  13. Anxiety, PTSD and OCD10 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  14. ADHD9 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  15. Pain and fatigue9 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  16. Cognitive impairment and decline8 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  17. Cardiovascular disease5 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  18. Cancer4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  19. Hearing loss4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  20. Epilepsy4 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  21. Multiple sclerosis3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  22. COVID-19 and long COVID3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  23. Substance use and addiction1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

  24. Delirium, surgery and intensive care1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

  25. Other conditions75 studies, 27 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

How often it is a primary outcome

Matrix Reasoning is a primary outcome in 35% of its studies. Across the 30 executive function tests with a page here, the median is 37%.
  1. Cue Reactivity Task56% of 188 studies

  2. Stroop Color-Word Test41% of 1,929 studies

  3. Tower Planning40% of 247 studies

  4. Task Switching Test40% of 334 studies

  5. Dimensional Change Card Sort38% of 214 studies

  6. Verbal Fluency37% of 1,745 studies

  7. Delay Discounting36% of 257 studies

  8. Clock Drawing Task35% of 281 studies

  9. Matrix Reasoning35% of 272 studies

  10. Card Sorting Test (Berg)34% of 411 studies

  11. Trail Making Test31% of 2,293 studies

  12. AX Continuous Performance Test17% of 191 studies

Studies by start year

1.6% of the registered studies that started in 2021 to 2025 name it, against 1.5% of those that started in 2016 to 2020. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 5 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 4 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 7 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 10 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 13 studies, 6 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 5 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 16 studies, 8 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 10 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 10 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 18 studies, 7 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 17 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 14 studies, 6 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 26 studies, 12 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 21 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 19 studies, 9 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 20 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 29 studies, 10 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 18 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200100
200211
200311
200411
200510
200600
200710
200821
200950
201040
201174
2012101
2013136
201451
2015168
2016104
2017105
2018187
2019173
2020146
20212612
2022215
2023199
2024203
20252910
2026185

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Early phase 13 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 17 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 1/22 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 28 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 2/37 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 38 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 46 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable168 studies, 58 as a primary outcome
  • Observational63 studies, 25 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100200
  • Not applicable90 median, 48 to 200
  • Observational150 median, 88 to 326
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per study that names Matrix Reasoning, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Not applicable1659048 to 200
Observational6315088 to 326

When trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name Matrix Reasoning are measured within 6 months of the start, and the middle half from 9 weeks to 12 months. 87 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day50 outcomes, 14 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks23 outcomes, 5 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months62 outcomes, 23 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months40 outcomes, 9 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months31 outcomes, 17 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 2 years15 outcomes, 10 as a primary outcome
  • Over 2 years26 outcomes, 9 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given25 outcomes, 7 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

247 of the 272 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting56 studies, 19 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting10 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting17 studies, 11 as a primary outcome
  • Completed124 studies, 45 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early18 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown47 studies, 12 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral104 studies, 33 as a primary outcome
  • Drug36 studies, 11 as a primary outcome
  • Device34 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement18 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Procedure8 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Diagnostic test5 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Biological1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Radiation4 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Combination product1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Genetic2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Other68 studies, 32 as a primary outcome
  • None given35 studies, 16 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States79 studies, 30 as a primary outcome
  • Italy29 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Canada18 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Taiwan17 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • France16 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Spain14 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Switzerland11 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Belgium9 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • China9 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Germany8 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Sweden8 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • United Kingdom8 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

55 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 15 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed studies that name Matrix Reasoning: 57 of 124, 46%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed studies that name Matrix Reasoning and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted studies that name Matrix ReasoningEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper9, 7%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only17, 14%1,139, 14%
A results paper only31, 25%1,711, 22%
Neither67, 54%4,327, 54%

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that studies naming Matrix Reasoning name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    Digit Span Test89 studies, 41 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Trail Making Test57 studies, 21 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Verbal Learning54 studies, 30 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Stroop Color-Word Test52 studies, 27 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Verbal Fluency49 studies, 15 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Symbol Coding36 studies, 16 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    N-Back Task26 studies, 16 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Card Sorting Test (Berg)26 studies, 10 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Complex Figure Copy and Recall25 studies, 11 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Task Switching Test19 studies, 10 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Compared over time

Studies per start year for Matrix Reasoning and the tests named with it most. Add or remove tests to compare.
Matrix Reasoning269 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026
Digit Span Test1,619 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026
Trail Making Test2,281 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026
Verbal Learning1,819 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026

The panel's testThe other tests chosenEvery panel has the same scale. 2026 is partly planned starts.

Show as a table
Registered studies per start year that name each test
Start yearMatrix ReasoningDigit Span TestTrail Making TestVerbal Learning
20000321
20010205
20021138
200314814
2004141014
2005171417
2006041413
20071142122
20082191728
20095222928
20104373242
20117264733
201210364442
201313446053
20145496682
201516798591
2016106910398
20171082122107
2018188511792
201917110155122
2020149012276
202126122172137
202221121188138
202319164228157
202420141211144
202529147210132
202618137201123

Explore the 272 studies

Filter by condition, phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
TestMatrix Reasoning

272 studies match. 94 name Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome. Median size 100 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 6 months.

Loading 272 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
01020302000: 0 studies, 0 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2002: 1 studies, 1 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2003: 1 studies, 1 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2004: 1 studies, 1 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2005: 1 studies, 0 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2007: 1 studies, 0 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2008: 2 studies, 1 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2009: 5 studies, 0 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2010: 4 studies, 0 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome20102011: 7 studies, 4 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2012: 10 studies, 1 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2013: 13 studies, 6 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2014: 5 studies, 1 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2015: 16 studies, 8 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome20152016: 10 studies, 4 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2017: 10 studies, 5 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2018: 18 studies, 7 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2019: 17 studies, 3 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2020: 14 studies, 6 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome20202021: 26 studies, 12 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2022: 21 studies, 5 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2023: 19 studies, 9 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2024: 20 studies, 3 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome2025: 29 studies, 10 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome20252026: 18 studies, 5 naming Matrix Reasoning in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts. Not shown: 3 planned to start after 2026.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200100
200211
200311
200411
200510
200600
200710
200821
200950
201040
201174
2012101
2013136
201451
2015168
2016104
2017105
2018187
2019173
2020146
20212612
2022215
2023199
2024203
20252910
2026185

Library tests named most

  • Matrix Reasoning272 studies, 94 as a primary outcome
  • Digit Span Test89 studies, 41 as a primary outcome
  • Trail Making Test57 studies, 21 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Learning54 studies, 30 as a primary outcome
  • Stroop Color-Word Test52 studies, 27 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Fluency49 studies, 15 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Coding36 studies, 16 as a primary outcome
  • N-Back Task26 studies, 16 as a primary outcome
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)26 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
  • Complex Figure Copy and Recall25 studies, 11 as a primary outcome

Largest condition groups

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 23, other 249. Interventional 209, observational 63.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeMatrix Reasoning

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07862452Start2027PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetes, Cardiovascular diseaseParticipants400Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary4 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimary4 weeks
  • Delay DiscountingPrimary4 weeks
NCT07841457Start2027PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants20Lead sponsorIndustryStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary4 weeks
NCT07834203Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants500Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary8 weeks
  • AX Continuous Performance TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningSecondary8 weeks
  • Four-Armed BanditPrimary8 weeks
NCT07772765Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants216Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestOther outcome4 months
  • Verbal LearningOther outcome4 months
  • N-Back TaskSecondary4 months
  • Picture Naming TestOther outcome4 months
  • Matrix ReasoningOther outcome4 months
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskSecondary4 months
  • Digits-in-Noise TaskPrimary4 months
  • Gap Detection TaskSecondary10 weeks
NCT07722169Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDementia and Alzheimer'sParticipants48Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondary13 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary13 weeks
  • Picture Naming TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary13 weeks
  • Token Commands TaskSecondary13 weeks
NCT07699159Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsOther conditionsParticipants1,620Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary6 months
  • Verbal LearningPrimarysame day
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskPrimarysame day
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimarysame day
  • Delay DiscountingPrimary6 months
  • Dimensional Change Card SortPrimarysame day
  • Size Order Memory TestPrimarysame day
  • Pattern and Letter ComparisonPrimarysame day
  • Picture Order Memory TestPrimarysame day
  • Emotional Stroop TaskPrimary6 months
  • Mental RotationPrimarysame day
NCT07675538Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsADHDParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary2 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary2 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary2 weeks
NCT07629349Start2020PhaseObservationalConditionsDementia and Alzheimer's, Mild cognitive impairmentParticipants600Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary6 months
  • Verbal LearningPrimary6 months
  • Digit Span TestPrimary6 months
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallPrimary6 months
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimary6 months
  • Block Copy TestPrimary6 months
NCT07623811Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants313Lead sponsorIndustryStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondarysame day
  • Digit Span TestPrimarysame day
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimarysame day
NCT07592546Start2026PhasePhase 4ConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants240Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary
  • Delay DiscountingSecondary
  • Line Angle MatchingSecondary
NCT07579494Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsAutismParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Secondary12 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary12 weeks
  • Biological Motion TaskOther outcome4 weeks
NCT07556250Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants225Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary1 week
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary2 weeks
  • Verbal FluencySecondary1 week
  • Digit Span TestPrimary1 week
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Primary1 week
  • Task Switching TestPrimary1 week
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary2 weeks
  • Delay DiscountingSecondary2 weeks
  • Tower PlanningSecondary1 week
  • Iowa Gambling LiteSecondary1 week
  • Probabilistic Reversal LearningPrimary1 week
  • One-Touch Tower PlanningSecondary1 week
  • Intra/Extra Dimensional Set ShiftPrimary1 week
  • Betting Choice TaskSecondary1 week
  • Alternative Uses TaskSecondary1 week
  • Social Value OrientationSecondary2 weeks
  • Remote Associates TestSecondary1 week
  • Repeated Prisoner's DilemmaSecondary2 weeks
  • Ellsberg Urns TaskSecondary2 weeks
NCT07542977Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsOther conditionsParticipants200Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary9 weeks
  • Delayed Match-to-SampleSecondary9 weeks
NCT07539116Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsPain and fatigueParticipants183Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyOther outcome12 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningOther outcome12 weeks
NCT07517380Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairmentParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary6 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary6 months
  • Verbal LearningPrimary6 months
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary6 months
  • Digit Span TestPrimary6 months
  • Picture Naming TestPrimary6 months
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallPrimary6 months
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimary6 months
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestPrimary6 months
NCT07509125Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDementia and Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease, Schizophrenia and psychosis, Sleep and sleep disordersParticipants300Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Picture Naming TestSecondary4 years
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary4 years
NCT07500103Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary9 weeks
  • Verbal LearningSecondary9 weeks
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallSecondary9 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary9 weeks
  • Mental RotationSecondary9 weeks
  • Token Commands TaskSecondary9 weeks
  • Social Slips Stories TaskSecondary9 weeks
  • Face Impressions TaskPrimary9 weeks
NCT07494929Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants15,200Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Matrix ReasoningOther outcome
NCT07478458Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsADHDParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondarysame day
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondarysame day
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskSecondarysame day
  • Symbol Scan TaskSecondarysame day
NCT07471126Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsSleep and sleep disordersParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimary1 week
NCT07434037Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsOther conditionsParticipants112Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondarysame day
NCT07405632Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants85Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary8 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary8 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningOther outcomesame day
  • Cancellation TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Recognition Memory TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Operation SpanSecondary8 weeks
  • Posner CueingPrimary8 weeks
NCT07399418Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsDementia and Alzheimer'sParticipants80Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimarysame day
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimarysame day
  • Verbal FluencyPrimarysame day
  • Digit Span TestPrimarysame day
  • Go/No-Go TaskPrimarysame day
  • Category FluencyPrimarysame day
  • Clock Drawing TaskPrimarysame day
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallPrimarysame day
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimarysame day
  • Selective Reminding TaskPrimarysame day
NCT07385066Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusActive, not recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimary2 years
NCT07381010Start2025PhasePhase 1ConditionsDementia and Alzheimer'sParticipants73Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondarysame day
  • Pattern and Letter ComparisonSecondary2 days
  • Retrieval Practice TaskPrimary2 days

Page 1 of 11

Questions, answered from the data

How many clinical trials use Matrix Reasoning?

272 registered studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 94 of them in a primary outcome.

In which conditions do trials use Matrix Reasoning?

Most often in dementia and Alzheimer's disease (25), schizophrenia and psychosis (21) and depression and bipolar disorder (21).

Do new trials use Matrix Reasoning more or less?

1.6% of the studies that started in 2021 to 2025 name it, against 1.5% of those that started in 2016 to 2020: a share 6% larger.

Which tests do trials use with Matrix Reasoning?

The Digit Span Test (89 studies), the Trail Making Test (57 studies) and Verbal Learning (54 studies).

When do trials measure Matrix Reasoning?

Half of the primary outcomes that name Matrix Reasoning are measured within 6 months of the start, and the middle half from 9 weeks to 12 months. 87 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed trials that use Matrix Reasoning have reported results?

57 of the 124 completed studies that name it, 46%, have reported results: 26 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 40 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 9 did both. The other 67 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on tests in clinical trials

  • Matrix Reasoning: what it measures, its scores, and a version to try
  • All 101 tests in clinical trials
  • Cognitive tests by condition
  • Every registered study, by test, condition, phase and year

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

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