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  5. /Posner Cueing

Clinical trials data

Posner Cueing in clinical trials: 23 registered studies

Every registered study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names Posner Cueing in an outcome measure: the conditions it is used in, how often it is a primary outcome, the tests it is named with, and how large the studies are.

Registered studies name it in an outcome measure
23
Name it in a primary outcome, 39%
9 of 23
Against similar tests
Of studies started 2021 to 2025 name it, against 0.1% in 2016 to 2020
0.1%
By year
Median participants per study
48
By phase
Try Posner Cueing

The conditions it is used in

Each study counted once in each condition group it falls in.
  1. Anxiety, PTSD and OCD4 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  2. Healthy volunteers3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  3. Stroke2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  4. Brain injury and concussion2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  5. Depression and bipolar disorder2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  6. Cognitive impairment and decline2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  7. ADHD1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

  8. Aging, frailty and exercise1 study, 1 as a primary outcome

  9. Sleep and sleep disorders1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

  10. Other conditions7 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

How often it is a primary outcome

Posner Cueing is a primary outcome in 39% of its studies. Across the 18 attention tests with a page here, the median is 41%.
  1. Eriksen Flanker Task53% of 334 studies

  2. Oddball Target Detection47% of 86 studies

  3. Sustained Attention to Response46% of 85 studies

  4. Dot-Probe Task43% of 148 studies

  5. Rapid Visual Information Processing42% of 204 studies

  6. Continuous Performance Test42% of 638 studies

  7. Attention Network Test41% of 138 studies

  8. Choice Reaction Time40% of 270 studies

  9. Cancellation Test40% of 253 studies

  10. Posner Cueing39% of 23 studies

  11. Psychomotor Vigilance Task39% of 395 studies

  12. Contrast Sensitivity Test35% of 119 studies

  13. Line Angle Matching30% of 69 studies

Studies by start year

0.1% of the registered studies that started in 2021 to 2025 name it, against 0.1% of those that started in 2016 to 2020. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 3 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 4 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200400
200500
200600
200700
200800
200900
201011
201100
201200
201321
201421
201520
201611
201710
201800
201910
202011
202132
202241
202300
202420
202511
202620

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Phase 12 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 22 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 42 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable16 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Observational1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100
  • Not applicable56 median, 30 to 88
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per study that names Posner Cueing, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Not applicable165630 to 88

When trials measure it

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day6 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks4 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months8 outcomes, 4 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months2 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given3 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

20 of the 23 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Completed15 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral9 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Drug7 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Device3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Other7 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States8 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • France2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Hong Kong2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Türkiye2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Belgium1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Germany1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Israel1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Norway1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Poland1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Spain1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Sweden1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Switzerland1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

13 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 1 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed studies that name Posner Cueing: 6 of 15, 40%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed studies that name Posner Cueing and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted studies that name Posner CueingEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper1, 7%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only3, 20%1,139, 14%
A results paper only2, 13%1,711, 22%
Neither9, 60%4,327, 54%

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that studies naming Posner Cueing name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    Continuous Performance Test4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    AX Continuous Performance Test4 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Digit Span Test3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Go/No-Go Task3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    N-Back Task3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Cancellation Test2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    Attention Network Test2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Dot-Probe Task2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Line Bisection Test2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Task Switching Test2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Compared over time

Studies per start year for Posner Cueing and the tests named with it most. Add or remove tests to compare.
Posner Cueing23 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026
Continuous Performance Test632 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026
AX Continuous Performance Test187 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026
Digit Span Test1,619 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026

The panel's testThe other tests chosenEvery panel has the same scale. 2026 is partly planned starts.

Show as a table
Registered studies per start year that name each test
Start yearPosner CueingContinuous Performance TestAX Continuous Performance TestDigit Span Test
20000103
20010102
20020301
20030624
20040614
20050837
20060824
2007011114
2008010419
2009016322
2010114237
2011020626
2012017436
2013220844
20142271049
20152241279
2016132869
20171371282
20180371085
201914111110
2020129790
202133917122
20224369121
202306515164
202425316141
202514112147
202623012137

Explore the 23 studies

Filter by condition, phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
TestPosner Cueing

23 studies match. 9 name Posner Cueing in a primary outcome. Median size 48 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 8 weeks.

Loading 23 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
012342000: 0 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2007: 0 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2009: 0 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2010: 1 studies, 1 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome20102011: 0 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2012: 0 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2013: 2 studies, 1 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2014: 2 studies, 1 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2015: 2 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome20152016: 1 studies, 1 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2017: 1 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2018: 0 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2019: 1 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2020: 1 studies, 1 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome20202021: 3 studies, 2 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2022: 4 studies, 1 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2023: 0 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2024: 2 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome2025: 1 studies, 1 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome20252026: 2 studies, 0 naming Posner Cueing in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200400
200500
200600
200700
200800
200900
201011
201100
201200
201321
201421
201520
201611
201710
201800
201910
202011
202132
202241
202300
202420
202511
202620

Library tests named most

  • Posner Cueing23 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Continuous Performance Test4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • AX Continuous Performance Test4 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Digit Span Test3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Go/No-Go Task3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • N-Back Task3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Cancellation Test2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Attention Network Test2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Dot-Probe Task2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Line Bisection Test2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

Conditions

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 1, other 22. Interventional 22, observational 1.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomePosner Cueing

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07803458Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants56Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Visual Search TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Posner CueingSecondary12 weeks
NCT07499167Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants10Lead sponsorOtherStatusActive, not recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Antisaccade TaskSecondarysame day
  • Posner CueingSecondarysame day
NCT07443189Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants233Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary6 months
  • N-Back TaskPrimary6 months
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary6 months
  • Picture Naming TestPrimary6 months
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskPrimary6 months
  • Task Switching TestPrimary6 months
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Attention Network TestPrimary6 months
  • Posner CueingPrimary6 months
NCT07405632Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants85Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary8 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary8 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningOther outcomesame day
  • Cancellation TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Recognition Memory TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Operation SpanSecondary8 weeks
  • Posner CueingPrimary8 weeks
NCT07399964Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsSleep and sleep disordersParticipants124Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Go/No-Go TaskSecondary6 months
  • Delay DiscountingSecondary6 months
  • Balloon RiskSecondary6 months
  • Posner CueingSecondary6 months
NCT06812689Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants48Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Visual Search TestPrimary1 day
  • Posner CueingPrimary1 day
NCT05956938Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Go/No-Go TaskSecondary
  • Posner CueingSecondary
NCT05388656Start2022PhasePhase 4ConditionsOther conditionsParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Results

Library tests named
  • Posner CueingSecondary3 weeks
NCT05191277Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants56Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Posner CueingSecondary13 weeks
NCT05114252Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Posner CueingSecondary9 weeks
NCT04051801Start2021PhasePhase 1ConditionsCognitive impairment and declineParticipantsNot givenLead sponsorOtherStatusStopped earlyLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondarysame day
  • N-Back TaskSecondarysame day
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondarysame day
  • Task Switching TestSecondarysame day
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondarysame day
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Selective Reminding TaskSecondarysame day
  • Posner CueingSecondarysame day
NCT04051320Start2020PhasePhase 2ConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants23Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Results

Library tests named
  • Dot-Probe TaskPrimary6 weeks
  • Posner CueingPrimary6 weeks
  • Point Subtraction Aggression TaskPrimary6 weeks
NCT03813823Start2019PhaseObservationalConditionsAnxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Posner CueingSecondarysame day
NCT03630783Start2015PhaseNot applicableConditionsAnxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants84Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Posner CueingSecondarysame day
  • Word-Sentence Association TaskSecondarysame day
NCT03458611Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants6Lead sponsorOtherStatusStopped early

Paper

Library tests named
  • Line Bisection TestSecondary1 week
  • Posner CueingPrimary
NCT03220295Start2017PhasePhase 1ConditionsCognitive impairment and declineParticipants52Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • N-Back TaskSecondarysame day
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondarysame day
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondarysame day
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Selective Reminding TaskSecondarysame day
  • Posner CueingSecondarysame day
NCT02671266Start2014PhasePhase 2ConditionsAnxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants41Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Results

Library tests named
  • Trust GameSecondarysame day
  • Posner CueingSecondarysame day
  • Scrambled Sentences TestSecondarysame day
NCT02590211Start2016PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants113Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Go/No-Go TaskPrimary
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Primary
  • Posner CueingPrimary
  • Sentence Completion Inhibition TestPrimary
NCT02321761Start2014PhasePhase 4ConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants10Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Posner CueingPrimary10 weeks
NCT02258789Start2010PhaseNot applicableConditionsStrokeParticipants15Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Cancellation TestPrimary1 week
  • Line Bisection TestPrimary1 week
  • Posner CueingPrimary1 week
NCT02155608Start2015PhaseNot applicableConditionsADHDParticipants62Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

ResultsPaper 1Paper 2

Library tests named
  • Attention Network TestOther outcome4 weeks
  • Posner CueingOther outcome4 weeks
NCT02114918Start2013PhaseNot applicableConditionsAnxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants47Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Dot-Probe TaskSecondary5 weeks
  • Posner CueingSecondary5 weeks
NCT01965951Start2013PhaseNot applicableConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussionParticipants96Lead sponsorIndustryStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondary6 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary6 months
  • Category FluencySecondary6 months
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Spatial Working MemorySecondary6 months
  • Posner CueingPrimary13 weeks

Page 1 of 1

Questions, answered from the data

How many clinical trials use Posner Cueing?

23 registered studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 9 of them in a primary outcome.

In which conditions do trials use Posner Cueing?

Most often in anxiety, PTSD and OCD (4), healthy volunteers (3) and stroke (2).

Which tests do trials use with Posner Cueing?

The Continuous Performance Test (4 studies), the AX Continuous Performance Test (4 studies) and the Digit Span Test (3 studies).

How many completed trials that use Posner Cueing have reported results?

6 of the 15 completed studies that name it, 40%, have reported results: 4 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 3 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 1 did both. The other 9 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on tests in clinical trials

  • Posner Cueing: what it measures, its scores, and a version to try
  • All 101 tests in clinical trials
  • Cognitive tests by condition
  • Every registered study, by test, condition, phase and year

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

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