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Clinical trials data

Attention Network Test in clinical trials: 138 registered studies

Every registered study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names the Attention Network Test in an outcome measure: the conditions it is used in, how often it is a primary outcome, the tests it is named with, and how large the studies are.

Registered studies name it in an outcome measure
138
Name it in a primary outcome, 41%
57 of 138
Against similar tests
Of studies started 2021 to 2025 name it, against 0.7% in 2016 to 2020
1.1%
By year
Median participants per study
63
By phase
Try the Attention Network Test

The conditions it is used in

Each study counted once in each condition group it falls in.
  1. Anxiety, PTSD and OCD15 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  2. Aging, frailty and exercise14 studies, 11 as a primary outcome

  3. Depression and bipolar disorder13 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  4. Pain and fatigue12 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  5. ADHD11 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  6. Healthy volunteers11 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  7. Sleep and sleep disorders9 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  8. Brain injury and concussion6 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  9. Dementia and Alzheimer's5 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  10. Stroke5 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  11. Cancer4 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  12. Obesity and diabetes4 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  13. Substance use and addiction3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  14. Mild cognitive impairment2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  15. Cognitive impairment and decline2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  16. Autism2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  17. Parkinson's disease1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

  18. Multiple sclerosis1 study, 1 as a primary outcome

  19. COVID-19 and long COVID1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

  20. Hearing loss1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

  21. Epilepsy1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

  22. Other conditions39 studies, 16 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

How often it is a primary outcome

The Attention Network Test is a primary outcome in 41% of its studies. Across the 18 attention tests with a page here, the median is 41%.
  1. Eriksen Flanker Task53% of 334 studies

  2. Oddball Target Detection47% of 86 studies

  3. Sustained Attention to Response46% of 85 studies

  4. Dot-Probe Task43% of 148 studies

  5. Rapid Visual Information Processing42% of 204 studies

  6. Continuous Performance Test42% of 638 studies

  7. Attention Network Test41% of 138 studies

  8. Choice Reaction Time40% of 270 studies

  9. Cancellation Test40% of 253 studies

  10. Psychomotor Vigilance Task39% of 395 studies

  11. Contrast Sensitivity Test35% of 119 studies

  12. Line Angle Matching30% of 69 studies

Studies by start year

1.1% of the registered studies that started in 2021 to 2025 name it, against 0.7% of those that started in 2016 to 2020. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 3 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 6 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 5 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 9 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 4 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 9 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 5 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 5 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 18 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 11 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 10 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 16 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 21 studies, 10 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 7 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200400
200500
200600
200711
200800
200911
201010
201120
201231
201332
201462
201552
201695
201740
201895
201953
202052
2021185
2022114
2023105
2024165
20252110
202674

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Early phase 13 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 11 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 25 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 2/31 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 33 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 42 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable106 studies, 45 as a primary outcome
  • Observational17 studies, 8 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100200500
  • Not applicable63 median, 40 to 114
  • Observational100 median, 25 to 400
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per study that names the Attention Network Test, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Not applicable1036340 to 114
Observational1710025 to 400

When trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Attention Network Test are measured within 6 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 3 days to 14 weeks. 49 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day24 outcomes, 12 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks27 outcomes, 11 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months40 outcomes, 13 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months23 outcomes, 10 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months8 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 2 years4 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Over 2 years1 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given11 outcomes, 8 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

127 of the 138 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting24 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting9 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Completed72 studies, 30 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early9 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown21 studies, 10 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral50 studies, 23 as a primary outcome
  • Drug14 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Device27 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement24 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Procedure6 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Diagnostic test4 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Radiation1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Combination product2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Other25 studies, 12 as a primary outcome
  • None given6 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States43 studies, 19 as a primary outcome
  • United Kingdom16 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Hong Kong13 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • China11 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • France9 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Germany4 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • India4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Canada3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Italy3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Netherlands3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Norway3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Spain3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

22 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 14 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed studies that name the Attention Network Test: 29 of 72, 40%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed studies that name the Attention Network Test and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted studies that name the Attention Network TestEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper3, 4%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only9, 13%1,139, 14%
A results paper only17, 24%1,711, 22%
Neither43, 60%4,327, 54%

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that studies naming the Attention Network Test name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    N-Back Task26 studies, 9 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Verbal Learning24 studies, 9 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Trail Making Test19 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Digit Span Test17 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Go/No-Go Task16 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Task Switching Test14 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    Verbal Fluency13 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Stroop Color-Word Test12 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Eriksen Flanker Task11 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Continuous Performance Test9 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Compared over time

Studies per start year for the Attention Network Test and the tests named with it most. Add or remove tests to compare.
Attention Network Test137 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026
N-Back Task787 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026
Verbal Learning1,819 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026
Trail Making Test2,281 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026

The panel's testThe other tests chosenEvery panel has the same scale. 2026 is partly planned starts.

Show as a table
Registered studies per start year that name each test
Start yearAttention Network TestN-Back TaskVerbal LearningTrail Making Test
20000012
20010050
20020283
200302148
2004001410
2005041714
2006031314
20071102221
20080102817
2009152829
20101114232
20112203347
20123144244
20133235360
20146258266
20155259185
201693298103
2017451107122
201895492117
2019559122155
202053076122
20211870137172
20221162138188
20231071157228
20241669144211
20252167132210
2026768123201

Explore the 138 studies

Filter by condition, phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
TestThe Attention Network Test

138 studies match. 57 name the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome. Median size 63 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 6 weeks.

Loading 138 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
01020302000: 0 studies, 0 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2007: 1 studies, 1 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 1 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2010: 1 studies, 0 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome20102011: 2 studies, 0 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2012: 3 studies, 1 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2013: 3 studies, 2 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2014: 6 studies, 2 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2015: 5 studies, 2 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome20152016: 9 studies, 5 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2017: 4 studies, 0 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2018: 9 studies, 5 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2019: 5 studies, 3 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2020: 5 studies, 2 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome20202021: 18 studies, 5 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2022: 11 studies, 4 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2023: 10 studies, 5 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2024: 16 studies, 5 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome2025: 21 studies, 10 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome20252026: 7 studies, 4 naming the Attention Network Test in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts. Not shown: 1 with no start year.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200400
200500
200600
200711
200800
200911
201010
201120
201231
201332
201462
201552
201695
201740
201895
201953
202052
2021185
2022114
2023105
2024165
20252110
202674

Library tests named most

  • Attention Network Test138 studies, 57 as a primary outcome
  • N-Back Task26 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Learning24 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Trail Making Test19 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Digit Span Test17 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Go/No-Go Task16 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Task Switching Test14 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Fluency13 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Stroop Color-Word Test12 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Eriksen Flanker Task11 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

Largest condition groups

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 5, other 133. Interventional 121, observational 17.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeThe Attention Network Test

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07833787Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsOther conditionsParticipants1,500Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary5 years
  • N-Back TaskSecondarysame day
  • Go/No-Go TaskSecondary5 years
  • Attention Network TestSecondarysame day
NCT07688616Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants75Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Attention Network TestPrimary12 months
NCT07555912Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants37Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Attention Network TestPrimary8 weeks
NCT07501377Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestOther outcome6 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestOther outcome6 months
  • Verbal LearningSecondary6 months
  • Attention Network TestOther outcome6 months
  • Mnemonic Similarity TaskOther outcome6 months
NCT07477470Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants120Lead sponsorIndustryStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • N-Back TaskSecondary12 weeks
  • Go/No-Go TaskSecondary12 weeks
  • Task Switching TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Attention Network TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Affective Go/No-GoSecondary12 weeks
NCT07443189Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants233Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary6 months
  • N-Back TaskPrimary6 months
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary6 months
  • Picture Naming TestPrimary6 months
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskPrimary6 months
  • Task Switching TestPrimary6 months
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Attention Network TestPrimary6 months
  • Posner CueingPrimary6 months
NCT07433738Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsSleep and sleep disordersParticipants80Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Attention Network TestSecondary12 weeks
NCT07255755Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants27Lead sponsorOtherStatusStopped earlyLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondarysame day
  • Go/No-Go TaskSecondarysame day
  • Attention Network TestPrimarysame day
NCT07203443Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants960Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Attention Network TestPrimarysame day
  • Approach-Avoidance TaskPrimarysame day
NCT07201909Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants156Lead sponsorIndustryStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • N-Back TaskSecondary12 weeks
  • Go/No-Go TaskSecondary12 weeks
  • Task Switching TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Attention Network TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Emotional Stroop TaskSecondary12 weeks
  • Affective Go/No-GoSecondary12 weeks
NCT07198048Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsStrokeParticipants45Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Attention Network TestPrimary11 weeks
  • Picture Matching TaskPrimary11 weeks
NCT07182344Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsADHDParticipants40Lead sponsorIndustryStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Attention Network TestPrimary1 week
NCT07151677Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsStroke, Pain and fatigueParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Attention Network TestSecondary13 weeks
NCT07119788Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimarysame day
  • Task Switching TestSecondarysame day
  • Matrix ReasoningOther outcomesame day
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestSecondarysame day
  • Delayed Recall ModuleSecondarysame day
  • Attention Network TestSecondarysame day
NCT07031076Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exerciseParticipantsNot givenLead sponsorOtherStatusStopped earlyLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary16 weeks
  • Dimensional Change Card SortPrimary16 weeks
  • Size Order Memory TestPrimary16 weeks
  • Attention Network TestPrimary16 weeks
  • Cognitive Reflection TestPrimary16 weeks
NCT06989970Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants20Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary
  • Verbal FluencyOther outcome
  • Digit Span TestSecondary
  • N-Back TaskPrimary
  • Picture Naming TestOther outcome
  • Task Switching TestPrimary
  • Attention Network TestPrimary
  • Simon TaskSecondary
  • Self-Ordered Pointing TaskPrimary
NCT06967363Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsSleep and sleep disorders, Pain and fatigueParticipants360Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary12 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary12 months
  • Attention Network TestSecondary12 months
  • Mnemonic Similarity TaskSecondary12 months
  • Pain Empathy TaskSecondary12 months
  • Think and No-Think TaskSecondary12 months
NCT06952166Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants180Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • N-Back TaskSecondary12 weeks
  • Attention Network TestSecondary12 weeks
NCT06951815Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsHearing loss, Pain and fatigueParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Attention Network TestOther outcome6 weeks
NCT06938672Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exercise, Sleep and sleep disordersParticipants12Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Attention Network TestPrimarysame day
  • Word Pair LearningPrimarysame day
  • Novel Word Learning TaskPrimarysame day
NCT06923722Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants44Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Attention Network TestSecondarysame day
NCT06900452Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants52Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimarysame day
  • N-Back TaskSecondarysame day
  • Go/No-Go TaskSecondarysame day
  • Task Switching TestSecondarysame day
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondarysame day
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestSecondarysame day
  • Delayed Recall ModuleSecondarysame day
  • Attention Network TestSecondarysame day
NCT06885684Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsAutismParticipants95Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stop-Signal TaskSecondary4 months
  • Dimensional Change Card SortSecondary4 months
  • Size Order Memory TestSecondary4 months
  • Attention Network TestPrimary4 months
NCT06852417Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants200Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskPrimary12 weeks
  • Attention Network TestPrimary12 weeks
NCT06804408Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants106Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • N-Back TaskSecondary12 weeks
  • Attention Network TestSecondary12 weeks

Page 1 of 6

Questions, answered from the data

How many clinical trials use the Attention Network Test?

138 registered studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 57 of them in a primary outcome.

In which conditions do trials use the Attention Network Test?

Most often in anxiety, PTSD and OCD (15), aging, frailty and exercise (14) and depression and bipolar disorder (13).

Do new trials use the Attention Network Test more or less?

1.1% of the studies that started in 2021 to 2025 name it, against 0.7% of those that started in 2016 to 2020: a share 50% larger.

Which tests do trials use with the Attention Network Test?

The N-Back Task (26 studies), Verbal Learning (24 studies) and the Trail Making Test (19 studies).

When do trials measure the Attention Network Test?

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Attention Network Test are measured within 6 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 3 days to 14 weeks. 49 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed trials that use the Attention Network Test have reported results?

29 of the 72 completed studies that name it, 40%, have reported results: 12 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 20 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 3 did both. The other 43 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on tests in clinical trials

  • Attention Network Test: what it measures, its scores, and a version to try
  • All 101 tests in clinical trials
  • Cognitive tests by condition
  • Every registered study, by test, condition, phase and year

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

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