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    16,361Registered studies name a cognitive test in an outcome measure11,688 name a test you can run hereExplore the studies
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  5. /Word Pair Learning

Clinical trials data

Word Pair Learning in clinical trials: 48 registered studies

Every registered study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names Word Pair Learning in an outcome measure: the conditions it is used in, how often it is a primary outcome, the tests it is named with, and how large the studies are.

Registered studies name it in an outcome measure
48
Name it in a primary outcome, 50%
24 of 48
Against similar tests
Of studies started 2021 to 2025 name it, against 0.3% in 2016 to 2020
0.3%
By year
Median participants per study
74
By phase
Try Word Pair Learning

The conditions it is used in

Each study counted once in each condition group it falls in.
  1. Dementia and Alzheimer's10 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  2. Mild cognitive impairment10 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  3. Sleep and sleep disorders7 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  4. Depression and bipolar disorder5 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  5. Stroke4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  6. Schizophrenia and psychosis4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  7. Healthy volunteers3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  8. Anxiety, PTSD and OCD3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  9. Brain injury and concussion2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  10. Multiple sclerosis2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  11. Aging, frailty and exercise2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  12. Substance use and addiction2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  13. COVID-19 and long COVID2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  14. Cardiovascular disease2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  15. Lung disease2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  16. Parkinson's disease1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

  17. Cancer1 study, 1 as a primary outcome

  18. Cognitive impairment and decline1 study, 1 as a primary outcome

  19. Delirium, surgery and intensive care1 study, 1 as a primary outcome

  20. Pain and fatigue1 study, 1 as a primary outcome

  21. Other conditions2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

How often it is a primary outcome

Word Pair Learning is a primary outcome in 50% of its studies. Across the 15 episodic memory tests with a page here, the median is 41%.
  1. Face-name Memory Task53% of 51 studies

  2. Word Pair Learning50% of 48 studies

  3. Selective Reminding Task49% of 183 studies

  4. Mnemonic Similarity Task42% of 62 studies

  5. Short Story Recall41% of 315 studies

  6. Hidden Path Learning41% of 66 studies

  7. Verbal Learning39% of 1,832 studies

  8. Complex Figure Copy and Recall39% of 276 studies

  9. Category Fluency37% of 623 studies

  10. Picture Order Memory Test35% of 144 studies

  11. Delayed Recall Module35% of 159 studies

  12. Paired Associate Learning34% of 204 studies

  13. Delayed Match-to-Sample32% of 69 studies

Studies by start year

0.3% of the registered studies that started in 2021 to 2025 name it, against 0.3% of those that started in 2016 to 2020. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 5 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 4 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 3 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 4 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 4 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 6 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 8 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200400
200500
200600
200700
200800
200910
201010
201121
201200
201300
201400
201520
201620
201720
201854
201921
202022
202142
202232
202342
202442
202564
202684

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Phase 1/21 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 29 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 33 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable32 studies, 20 as a primary outcome
  • Observational3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100
  • Not applicable75 median, 48 to 120
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per study that names Word Pair Learning, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Not applicable327548 to 120

When trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name Word Pair Learning are measured within 13 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 9 weeks to 15 weeks. 22 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day4 outcomes, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks6 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months18 outcomes, 11 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months8 outcomes, 4 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months6 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 2 years2 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Over 2 years1 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given3 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

45 of the 48 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting15 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Completed15 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown12 studies, 10 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral14 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Drug11 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Device11 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Procedure4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Diagnostic test2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Biological2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Other12 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • None given1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States17 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Taiwan9 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • United Kingdom6 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Canada4 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Netherlands3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Portugal3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Denmark2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Japan2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Spain2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Czechia1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Thailand1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

11 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 2 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed studies that name Word Pair Learning: 6 of 15, 40%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed studies that name Word Pair Learning and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted studies that name Word Pair LearningEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper4, 27%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only0, 0%1,139, 14%
A results paper only2, 13%1,711, 22%
Neither9, 60%4,327, 54%

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that studies naming Word Pair Learning name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    Symbol Coding12 studies, 8 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Digit Span Test10 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Stroop Color-Word Test9 studies, 9 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Matrix Reasoning9 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Verbal Fluency8 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Short Story Recall8 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    Trail Making Test7 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    AX Continuous Performance Test5 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Verbal Learning5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Psychomotor Vigilance Task5 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Compared over time

Studies per start year for Word Pair Learning and the tests named with it most. Add or remove tests to compare.
Word Pair Learning48 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026
Symbol Coding1,448 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026
Digit Span Test1,619 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026
Stroop Color-Word Test1,922 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026

The panel's testThe other tests chosenEvery panel has the same scale. 2026 is partly planned starts.

Show as a table
Registered studies per start year that name each test
Start yearWord Pair LearningSymbol CodingDigit Span TestStroop Color-Word Test
20000133
20010223
20020315
20030342
200401148
200507711
20060846
20070141413
20080141915
20091182216
20101283729
20112302631
20120273632
20130354442
20140474964
20152397967
20162726985
20172718279
201858385103
2019294110119
20202799099
20214116122151
20223107121168
20234140164198
20244134141182
20256134147198
20268131137193

Explore the 48 studies

Filter by condition, phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
TestWord Pair Learning

48 studies match. 24 name Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome. Median size 74 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 13 weeks.

Loading 48 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
024682000: 0 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2007: 0 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2010: 1 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome20102011: 2 studies, 1 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2012: 0 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2013: 0 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2014: 0 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2015: 2 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome20152016: 2 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2017: 2 studies, 0 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2018: 5 studies, 4 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2019: 2 studies, 1 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2020: 2 studies, 2 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome20202021: 4 studies, 2 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2022: 3 studies, 2 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2023: 4 studies, 2 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2024: 4 studies, 2 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome2025: 6 studies, 4 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome20252026: 8 studies, 4 naming Word Pair Learning in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200400
200500
200600
200700
200800
200910
201010
201121
201200
201300
201400
201520
201620
201720
201854
201921
202022
202142
202232
202342
202442
202564
202684

Library tests named most

  • Word Pair Learning48 studies, 24 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Coding12 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Digit Span Test10 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Stroop Color-Word Test9 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Matrix Reasoning9 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Fluency8 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Short Story Recall8 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Trail Making Test7 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • AX Continuous Performance Test5 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Learning5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

Largest condition groups

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 7, other 41. Interventional 45, observational 3.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeWord Pair Learning

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07838675Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsParkinson's diseaseParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
  • Word Pair LearningSecondary6 months
NCT07834203Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants500Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary8 weeks
  • AX Continuous Performance TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningSecondary8 weeks
  • Four-Armed BanditPrimary8 weeks
NCT07752342Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants150Lead sponsorIndustryStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Paired Associate LearningOther outcome8 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningOther outcome8 weeks
NCT07710131Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsCancerParticipants36Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary
  • Digit Span TestPrimary
  • Symbol CodingPrimary
  • Word Pair LearningPrimary
NCT07672977Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDementia and Alzheimer's, Mild cognitive impairmentParticipants30Lead sponsorIndustryStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningOther outcome7 months
  • Digit Span TestOther outcome7 months
  • Short Story RecallOther outcome7 months
  • Symbol Scan TaskOther outcome7 months
  • Word Pair LearningOther outcome7 months
NCT07529015Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDementia and Alzheimer's, Mild cognitive impairmentParticipants114Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Word Pair LearningPrimary13 weeks
NCT07389447Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsStrokeParticipants20Lead sponsorOtherStatusActive, not recruitingLibrary tests named
  • N-Back TaskSecondary3 days
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary3 days
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Word Pair LearningSecondary3 days
NCT07332442Start2026PhasePhase 3ConditionsSleep and sleep disordersParticipants250Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Psychomotor Vigilance TaskSecondary13 weeks
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskPrimary13 weeks
  • Pattern and Letter ComparisonSecondary13 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningSecondary13 weeks
NCT07263022Start2026PhasePhase 3ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants24Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Symbol CodingPrimarysame day
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimarysame day
  • AX Continuous Performance TestPrimary1 week
  • Word Pair LearningPrimarysame day
  • Four-Armed BanditPrimary1 week
NCT07231497Start2025PhasePhase 3ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Healthy volunteersParticipants103Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Symbol CodingPrimarysame day
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimarysame day
  • AX Continuous Performance TestPrimary1 week
  • Word Pair LearningPrimarysame day
  • Four-Armed BanditPrimary1 week
NCT07135232Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants72Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Tower PlanningSecondary4 weeks
  • Rapid Visual Information ProcessingPrimary1 week
  • One-Touch Tower PlanningSecondary4 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningSecondary4 weeks
NCT06938672Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exercise, Sleep and sleep disordersParticipants12Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Attention Network TestPrimarysame day
  • Word Pair LearningPrimarysame day
  • Novel Word Learning TaskPrimarysame day
NCT06928506Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsCOVID-19 and long COVIDParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Simple Reaction TimePrimary9 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningPrimary9 weeks
NCT06808048Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsSubstance use and addiction, Pain and fatigueParticipants180Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary4 months
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary4 months
  • Digit Span TestPrimary4 months
  • Go/No-Go TaskPrimary4 months
  • Tower PlanningPrimary4 months
  • Paired Associate LearningPrimary4 months
  • Iowa Gambling LitePrimary4 months
  • Word Pair LearningPrimary4 months
NCT06452095Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsCOVID-19 and long COVIDParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary6 months
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondary6 months
  • Simple Reaction TimePrimary9 weeks
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Word Pair LearningPrimary9 weeks
  • Gradual-Onset Continuous Performance TaskSecondary6 months
NCT06375213Start2023PhaseObservationalConditionsDementia and Alzheimer'sParticipants990Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Short Story RecallSecondary8 years
  • Word Pair LearningSecondary8 years
NCT05988385Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsDementia and Alzheimer's, Sleep and sleep disordersParticipants200Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Psychomotor Vigilance TaskSecondary13 weeks
  • Task Switching TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningPrimary13 weeks
NCT05837273Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants75Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary13 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary13 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary13 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningPrimary13 weeks
NCT05804084Start2023PhasePhase 2ConditionsSleep and sleep disordersParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Psychomotor Vigilance TaskSecondary4 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningSecondary4 weeks
NCT05682469Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairmentParticipants275Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary13 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary13 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimary13 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningPrimary13 weeks
NCT05616260Start2022PhasePhase 2ConditionsSleep and sleep disordersParticipants54Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Psychomotor Vigilance TaskSecondary2 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningOther outcome2 weeks
NCT05573490Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsDementia and Alzheimer'sParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Tower PlanningPrimary15 weeks
  • Paired Associate LearningPrimary15 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningPrimary15 weeks
  • Pattern Recognition MemoryPrimary15 weeks
NCT05336175Start2022PhasePhase 1/2ConditionsCardiovascular diseaseParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskPrimary
  • Mnemonic Similarity TaskPrimary
  • Face-name Memory TaskPrimary
  • Word Pair LearningPrimary
  • Keep-Track TaskPrimary
NCT05237505Start2024PhasePhase 2ConditionsSleep and sleep disorders, Lung diseaseParticipants240Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Psychomotor Vigilance TaskSecondary6 months
  • Word Pair LearningSecondary6 months
NCT05227495Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exerciseParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary13 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningPrimary13 weeks

Page 1 of 2

Questions, answered from the data

How many clinical trials use Word Pair Learning?

48 registered studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 24 of them in a primary outcome.

In which conditions do trials use Word Pair Learning?

Most often in dementia and Alzheimer's disease (10), mild cognitive impairment (10) and sleep and sleep disorders (7).

Do new trials use Word Pair Learning more or less?

0.3% of the studies that started in 2021 to 2025 name it, against 0.3% of those that started in 2016 to 2020: a share 2% larger.

Which tests do trials use with Word Pair Learning?

Symbol Coding (12 studies), the Digit Span Test (10 studies) and the Stroop Color-Word Test (9 studies).

When do trials measure Word Pair Learning?

Half of the primary outcomes that name Word Pair Learning are measured within 13 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 9 weeks to 15 weeks. 22 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed trials that use Word Pair Learning have reported results?

6 of the 15 completed studies that name it, 40%, have reported results: 4 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 6 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 4 did both. The other 9 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on tests in clinical trials

  • Word Pair Learning: what it measures, its scores, and a version to try
  • All 101 tests in clinical trials
  • Cognitive tests by condition
  • Every registered study, by test, condition, phase and year

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

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