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  1. Home
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Resources

How evidence grades work

A test's evidence grade counts its published test-retest papers, its reliability and validity papers and the registered clinical studies that use it as an outcome. A battery or a study takes the grade most of its tests reach.

Updated
10 November 2026
Version
1.1.0

On this page

  1. What a grade counts
  2. The four grades
  3. A battery takes the grade most of its tests reach
  4. Use grades are a separate letter
  5. What a grade leaves out

What a grade counts

An evidence grade says how much published research supports a task as a measure. It rests on three counts: papers that report the task's test-retest reliability, papers on its reliability or validity, and registered clinical studies that use it as an outcome.

Grades describe the published research on each task, not ConductCognition's version of it. No grade is set by hand. When the counts are taken again, the grades follow them.

Source: ConductCognition test census 0.39.0, counted 31 October 2026 from OpenAlex and ClinicalTrials.gov.

  • Every test, every measure
  • Test-retest evidence
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The four grades

The four grades
GradeWhat the published research has
Grade AAt least 25 papers report its test-retest reliability and at least 25 registered clinical studies use it as an outcome.
Grade BAt least 8 test-retest papers, and either 5 registered clinical studies or 150 reliability or validity papers.
Grade CAt least 2 test-retest papers, 30 reliability or validity papers or 3 registered clinical studies.
Grade DLittle published measurement evidence found.

A battery takes the grade most of its tests reach

A battery takes the grade most of its tests reach. A minus means some tests have a lower grade, and a battery is never more than one letter above its weakest test. A study you build is graded the same way. Six tests at grade A and three at grade B make A−; two at grade A and one at grade C make B−. A test the census has not counted is listed as not graded and does not count.

A battery with grade A has at least 25 test-retest papers and 25 registered clinical studies behind every one of its tests. 5 of the 26 batteries in the catalog have grade A, and 8 have A−. Each battery's page names the tests that hold it below the next step and the counts they lack.

In the study builder, your protocol shows its grade. See why lists each test with its own grade and marks the tests that set the letter and the tests that add the minus.

  • Test batteries by evidence
  • All test batteries

Use grades are a separate letter

The Data pages also give each test a use grade, from A to E, for the number of papers on the task from 2021 to 2025. A task can be in wide use with little published measurement evidence, or the other way round, so the two letters answer different questions.

Use grades are a separate letter
Use gradePapers
Grade A1,000 or more papers from 2021 to 2025.
Grade B300 to 999 papers from 2021 to 2025.
Grade C100 to 299 papers from 2021 to 2025.
Grade D30 to 99 papers from 2021 to 2025.
Grade EFewer than 30 papers from 2021 to 2025.

What a grade leaves out

A grade counts papers and registered studies. It does not judge how good each paper is, and it does not use data from ConductCognition sessions.

Where ConductCognition has measured a test's reliability from its own sessions, the study builder shows that figure beside the grade. The letter stays the published-evidence grade.

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