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    Evidence

    1. Verbal Fluency TestGradeA
    2. Stroop Color-Word TestGradeA
    3. Trail Making TestGradeA
    4. N-Back TaskGradeA
    5. Go/No-Go TaskGradeA
    6. Digit Span TestGradeA
    7. Symbol Coding TestGradeA
    8. Verbal Learning TestGradeA
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    All 547 tests

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    • Phone290
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    • Evidence grade A40
  • First studies

    Grade, length

    • Reaction Time StudyGradeA7 min
    • Pilot ScreeningGradeA15 min
    • Medication StudiesGradeA−26 min
    • Language-Minimized ScreeningGradeA−30 min

    Age groups

    • Older Adult Executive SpeedGradeA20 min
    • School-AgeGradeA−33 min

    Memory

    • At-Home MemoryGradeA26 min
    • Working Memory and LearningGradeA−19 min
    • Associative MemoryGradeB32 min
    • Working Memory CapacityGradeB34 min

    Language and perception

    • LanguageGradeA−33 min
    • Visual PerceptionGradeB27 min
    • Listening and Auditory ProcessingGradeB31 min

    Executive function and attention

    • Executive ControlGradeA18 min
    • Attention and ImpulsivityGradeA−26 min
    • Visual AttentionGradeB27 min
    • Creativity and Flexible ThinkingGradeB30 min
    • Reasoning and SpatialGradeB32 min

    Movement

    • Motor and AttentionGradeA−29 min
    • Motor LearningGradeB34 min

    Behavior, mood and choice

    • Food Choice and Self-ControlGradeA−29 min
    • Sleep and FatigueGradeB23 min
    • Social CognitionGradeB23 min
    • Impulsivity and Substance UseGradeB26 min
    • Emotion and MoodGradeB28 min
    • Decisions and RewardGradeB29 min
    All 26 batteries

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  • Use and evidence

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    All 25 conditions
    16,361Registered studies name a cognitive test in an outcome measure11,688 name a test you can run hereExplore the studies
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    Latest post10 November 2026What you can do in ConductCognition todayA short tour of ConductCognition as it stands on 10 November. After this, we'll post when something changes how you run a study.Read the post
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Data

Test batteries by published evidence

A battery takes the grade most of its tests reach. A minus means some tests have a lower grade, and a battery is never more than one letter above its weakest test. The study builder grades every study the same way. A test's grade counts the published research on it: papers on its test-retest reliability and registered clinical studies that use it as an outcome.

Batteries with grade A evidence on every test
5 of 26
See every battery
Batteries held below grade A by a single test
6
See the tests
Different tests across the batteries, 32 of them with grade A evidence
71
Compare every test
See every batteryBrowse the batteries

Every battery, strongest evidence first

Grade A first, then A−, B and on down; within a grade, the batteries the fewest tests and papers from grade A come first. Grade A needs at least 25 test-retest papers and 25 registered clinical studies for each test; the last column gives what each test below it has.
Each battery's evidence grade, the grade of each of its tests and the tests below grade A
BatteryGradeTests in orderTests below grade A
Reaction Time Study2 testsAGrade A
  1. Simple Reaction Time, grade AA
  2. Choice Reaction Time, grade AA
None
Pilot Screening Battery4 testsAGrade A
  1. Simple Reaction Time, grade AA
  2. Choice Reaction Time, grade AA
  3. Eriksen Flanker Task, grade AA
  4. Stroop Color-Word Test, grade AA
None
Executive Control Battery4 testsAGrade A
  1. Go/No-Go Task, grade AA
  2. Stroop Color-Word Test, grade AA
  3. Eriksen Flanker Task, grade AA
  4. Trail Making Test B, grade AA
None
Older Adult Executive Speed Battery4 testsAGrade A
  1. Digit Span Test, grade AA
  2. Trail Making Test A, grade AA
  3. Trail Making Test B, grade AA
  4. Symbol Coding, grade AA
None
At-Home Memory Battery4 testsAGrade A
  1. Verbal Learning, grade AA
  2. Short Story Recall, grade AA
  3. Category Fluency, grade AA
  4. Digit Span Test, grade AA
None
Working Memory and Learning Battery4 testsA−Grade A−
  1. Digit Span Test, grade AA
  2. 1-Back Task, grade AA
  3. 2-Back Task, grade AA
  4. Paired Associate Learning, grade BB
  • Paired Associate Learning: 24 test-retest papers
Language-Minimized Screening Battery8 testsA−Grade A−
  1. Simple Reaction Time, grade AA
  2. Choice Reaction Time, grade AA
  3. Eriksen Flanker Task, grade AA
  4. Go/No-Go Task, grade AA
  5. Trail Making Test A, grade AA
  6. Trail Making Test B, grade AA
  7. 1-Back Task, grade AA
  8. Paired Associate Learning, grade BB
  • Paired Associate Learning: 24 test-retest papers
Medication Studies Battery5 testsA−Grade A−
  1. Simple Reaction Time, grade AA
  2. Choice Reaction Time, grade AA
  3. Psychomotor Vigilance Task, grade AA
  4. Go/No-Go Task, grade AA
  5. Paired Associate Learning, grade BB
  • Paired Associate Learning: 24 test-retest papers
Attention and Impulsivity Battery4 testsA−Grade A−
  1. Continuous Performance Test, grade AA
  2. Stop-Signal Task, grade BB
  3. Go/No-Go Task, grade AA
  4. Eriksen Flanker Task, grade AA
  • Stop-Signal Task: 23 test-retest papers
Food Choice and Self-Control Battery4 testsA−Grade A−
  1. Food-Picture Dot-Probe, grade AA
  2. Food Delay Discounting, grade AA
  3. Go/No-Go Task, grade AA
  4. Stop-Signal Task, grade BB
  • Stop-Signal Task: 23 test-retest papers
Language Battery4 testsA−Grade A−
  1. Picture Naming Test, grade AA
  2. Vocabulary Test, grade AA
  3. Verbal Fluency, grade AA
  4. Token Commands Task, grade BB
  • Token Commands Task: 21 test-retest papers
School-Age Battery5 testsA−Grade A−
  1. Corsi Block-Tapping Test, grade BB
  2. Digit Span Test, grade AA
  3. 1-Back Task, grade AA
  4. Tower Planning, grade AA
  5. Arithmetic Fluency Task, grade BB
  • Corsi Block-Tapping Test: 20 test-retest papers
  • Arithmetic Fluency Task: 22 test-retest papers
Motor and Attention Battery5 testsA−Grade A−
  1. Finger Tapping Task, grade AA
  2. Spiral Drawing Test, grade BB
  3. Line Bisection Test, grade BB
  4. Cancellation Test, grade AA
  5. Paced Visual Serial Addition Test, grade AA
  • Spiral Drawing Test: 14 test-retest papers and 11 registered clinical studies
  • Line Bisection Test: 19 test-retest papers
Reasoning and Spatial Battery4 testsBGrade B
  1. Matrix Reasoning, grade AA
  2. Mental Rotation, grade BB
  3. Tower Planning, grade AA
  4. Corsi Block-Tapping Test, grade BB
  • Mental Rotation: 20 test-retest papers
  • Corsi Block-Tapping Test: 20 test-retest papers
Impulsivity and Substance Use Battery4 testsBGrade B
  1. Go/No-Go Task, grade AA
  2. Stop-Signal Task, grade BB
  3. Delay Discounting, grade AA
  4. Balloon Risk, grade BB
  • Stop-Signal Task: 23 test-retest papers
  • Balloon Risk: 13 test-retest papers
Sleep and Fatigue Battery4 testsBGrade B
  1. Psychomotor Vigilance Task, grade AA
  2. Simple Reaction Time, grade AA
  3. Sustained Attention to Response, grade BB
  4. Visual Search Test, grade BB
  • Sustained Attention to Response: 11 test-retest papers
  • Visual Search Test: 15 test-retest papers
Creativity and Flexible Thinking Battery4 testsBGrade B
  1. Alternative Uses Task, grade BB
  2. Design Fluency Test, grade BB
  3. Verbal Fluency, grade AA
  4. Card Sorting Test (Berg), grade AA
  • Alternative Uses Task: 8 test-retest papers and 19 registered clinical studies
  • Design Fluency Test: 22 test-retest papers
Visual Attention Battery4 testsBGrade B
  1. Oddball Target Detection, grade AA
  2. Posner Cueing, grade BB
  3. Simon Task, grade BB
  4. Antisaccade Task, grade AA
  • Posner Cueing: 8 test-retest papers and 23 registered clinical studies
  • Simon Task: 9 test-retest papers
Visual Perception Battery3 testsBGrade B
  1. Contrast Sensitivity Test, grade AA
  2. Hidden Shapes Test, grade BB
  3. Rod and Frame Task, grade BB
  • Hidden Shapes Test: 23 test-retest papers and 1 registered clinical study
  • Rod and Frame Task: 13 test-retest papers and 5 registered clinical studies
Decisions and Reward Battery4 testsBGrade B
  1. Delay Discounting, grade AA
  2. Probabilistic Reversal Learning, grade BB
  3. Iowa Gambling Lite, grade BB
  4. Balloon Risk, grade BB
  • Probabilistic Reversal Learning: 15 test-retest papers
  • Iowa Gambling Lite: 23 test-retest papers
  • Balloon Risk: 13 test-retest papers
Emotion and Mood Battery4 testsBGrade B
  1. Dot-Probe Task, grade AA
  2. Emotional Stroop Task, grade BB
  3. Effort Discounting Task, grade BB
  4. Monetary Incentive Delay, grade BB
  • Emotional Stroop Task: 10 test-retest papers
  • Effort Discounting Task: 14 test-retest papers
  • Monetary Incentive Delay: 15 test-retest papers
Associative Memory Battery3 testsBGrade B
  1. Face-name Memory Task, grade BB
  2. Word Pair Learning, grade BB
  3. Picture Order Memory Test, grade BB
  • Face-name Memory Task: 12 test-retest papers
  • Word Pair Learning: 12 test-retest papers
  • Picture Order Memory Test: 9 test-retest papers
Working Memory Capacity Battery3 testsBGrade B
  1. Letter-Number Sequencing Task, grade BB
  2. Size Order Memory Test, grade BB
  3. Reading Span Task, grade BB
  • Letter-Number Sequencing Task: 8 test-retest papers
  • Size Order Memory Test: 8 test-retest papers
  • Reading Span Task: 11 test-retest papers and 22 registered clinical studies
Listening and Auditory Processing Battery3 testsBGrade B
  1. Digits-in-Noise Task, grade BB
  2. Gap Detection Task, grade BB
  3. Pitch Discrimination Task, grade BB
  • Digits-in-Noise Task: 15 registered clinical studies
  • Gap Detection Task: 16 test-retest papers and 7 registered clinical studies
  • Pitch Discrimination Task: 13 test-retest papers and 8 registered clinical studies
Social Cognition Battery4 testsBGrade B
  1. Emoji Emotion Recognition, grade BB
  2. Everyday Intent Task, grade BB
  3. Indirect Hints Task, grade BB
  4. Dictator Game, grade BB
  • Emoji Emotion Recognition: 21 test-retest papers
  • Everyday Intent Task: 10 test-retest papers and 10 registered clinical studies
  • Indirect Hints Task: 17 test-retest papers
  • Dictator Game: 8 test-retest papers and 14 registered clinical studies
Motor Learning Battery4 testsBGrade B
  1. Motor Sequence Task, grade BB
  2. Serial Reaction Time, grade BB
  3. Beat Tapping Task, grade BB
  4. Pursuit Tracking Test, grade BB
  • Motor Sequence Task: 14 test-retest papers
  • Serial Reaction Time: 15 test-retest papers
  • Beat Tapping Task: 8 test-retest papers and 7 registered clinical studies
  • Pursuit Tracking Test: 13 test-retest papers and 12 registered clinical studies

3 tests hold 6 batteries below grade A

Each of these batteries has only one test below grade A, so the published research on that one task stands between the battery and grade A.
  • Paired Associate Learning

    Has 24 test-retest papers.

    Holds below grade A

    • Working Memory and Learning Battery
    • Language-Minimized Screening Battery
    • Medication Studies Battery
  • Stop-Signal Task

    Has 23 test-retest papers.

    Holds below grade A

    • Attention and Impulsivity Battery
    • Food Choice and Self-Control Battery
  • Token Commands Task

    Has 21 test-retest papers.

    Holds below grade A

    • Language Battery

How batteries are graded

A battery takes the grade most of its tests reach. A minus means some tests have a lower grade, and a battery is never more than one letter above its weakest test. A test's grade comes from the ConductCognition test census: papers that report its test-retest reliability, papers on its reliability or validity, and ClinicalTrials.gov studies that use it as an outcome.

Grades describe the published research on each task, not a battery or ConductCognition's version of it.

Each test's counts are in the full table, how they are made is in the method, and each battery's tests, guide and example report are in the battery catalog.

Source: ConductCognition test census 0.39.0, counted 31 October 2026, 2 November 2026 and 8 November 2026 from OpenAlex and ClinicalTrials.gov.

A
At least 25 papers report its test-retest reliability and at least 25 registered clinical studies use it as an outcome
B
At least 8 test-retest papers, and either 5 registered clinical studies or 150 reliability or validity papers
C
At least 2 test-retest papers, 30 reliability or validity papers or 3 registered clinical studies
D
Little published measurement evidence found

More on use and evidence

  • 25 papersTest-retest evidence39 of 582 test families have 25 or more test-retest papersWhich tests have their reliability over time on record, and which well-used tests lack it.
  • 150 papersReliability and validity evidence55 of 582 test families have 150 or more reliability or validity papersPapers on each test's reliability, validity and norms, set against how much it is used.
  • 20002026Tests in clinical trials1,591 registered studies with a 2025 start date, up from 235 in 2010Which tests clinical trials use as outcomes, with a page for each condition and test.
  • Every test, every measure534 of 582 test families in the census are in the libraryThe full table, with grades, papers per year and a download.

Start a study from a battery

Each battery runs its tests in a fixed order with standard settings. Preview the tests before you invite anyone.

See the batteriesStart free
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