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    • Reaction Time StudyGradeA7 min
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    16,361Registered studies name a cognitive test in an outcome measure11,688 name a test you can run hereExplore the studies
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  5. /Choice Reaction Time

Clinical trials data

Choice Reaction Time in clinical trials: 270 registered studies

Every registered study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names Choice Reaction Time in an outcome measure: the conditions it is used in, how often it is a primary outcome, the tests it is named with, and how large the studies are.

Registered studies name it in an outcome measure
270
Name it in a primary outcome, 40%
109 of 270
Against similar tests
Of studies started 2021 to 2025 name it, against 1.3% in 2016 to 2020
1.4%
By year
Median participants per study
60
By phase
Try Choice Reaction Time

The conditions it is used in

Each study counted once in each condition group it falls in.
  1. Depression and bipolar disorder36 studies, 10 as a primary outcome

  2. Dementia and Alzheimer's25 studies, 14 as a primary outcome

  3. Aging, frailty and exercise23 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  4. Healthy volunteers20 studies, 8 as a primary outcome

  5. Sleep and sleep disorders17 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  6. Parkinson's disease15 studies, 11 as a primary outcome

  7. Obesity and diabetes13 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  8. Pain and fatigue13 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  9. Substance use and addiction9 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  10. Anxiety, PTSD and OCD8 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  11. ADHD7 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  12. Cancer6 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  13. Epilepsy6 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  14. Mild cognitive impairment5 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  15. Schizophrenia and psychosis5 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  16. Cognitive impairment and decline5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  17. Stroke4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  18. Brain injury and concussion4 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  19. Cardiovascular disease4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  20. Multiple sclerosis3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  21. COVID-19 and long COVID3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  22. Delirium, surgery and intensive care2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  23. Autism1 study, 1 as a primary outcome

  24. Huntington's disease1 study, 1 as a primary outcome

  25. Lung disease1 study, 1 as a primary outcome

  26. Other conditions62 studies, 27 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

How often it is a primary outcome

Choice Reaction Time is a primary outcome in 40% of its studies. Across the 18 attention tests with a page here, the median is 41%.
  1. Eriksen Flanker Task53% of 334 studies

  2. Oddball Target Detection47% of 86 studies

  3. Sustained Attention to Response46% of 85 studies

  4. Dot-Probe Task43% of 148 studies

  5. Rapid Visual Information Processing42% of 204 studies

  6. Continuous Performance Test42% of 638 studies

  7. Attention Network Test41% of 138 studies

  8. Choice Reaction Time40% of 270 studies

  9. Cancellation Test40% of 253 studies

  10. Psychomotor Vigilance Task39% of 395 studies

  11. Contrast Sensitivity Test35% of 119 studies

  12. Line Angle Matching30% of 69 studies

Studies by start year

1.4% of the registered studies that started in 2021 to 2025 name it, against 1.3% of those that started in 2016 to 2020. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 3 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 5 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 6 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 5 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 11 studies, 6 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 8 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 11 studies, 7 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 7 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 15 studies, 7 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 14 studies, 7 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 12 studies, 7 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 17 studies, 8 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 10 studies, 7 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 10 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 9 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 22 studies, 8 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 17 studies, 7 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 18 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 18 studies, 6 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 24 studies, 8 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 22 studies, 11 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200420
200532
200653
200762
200852
200931
2010116
201182
2012117
201373
2014157
2015147
2016127
2017178
2018107
2019102
202091
2021228
2022177
2023182
2024186
2025248
20262211

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Early phase 11 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 130 studies, 14 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 1/23 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 248 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 2/31 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 314 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 414 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable136 studies, 56 as a primary outcome
  • Observational23 studies, 14 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

1020501002005001,000
  • Phase 136 median, 24 to 44
  • Phase 276 median, 33 to 124
  • Phase 3401 median, 134 to 753
  • Phase 440 median, 23 to 64
  • Not applicable60 median, 28 to 106
  • Observational108 median, 48 to 242
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per study that names Choice Reaction Time, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Phase 1293624 to 44
Phase 2477633 to 124
Phase 314401134 to 753
Phase 4144023 to 64
Not applicable1366028 to 106
Observational2310848 to 242

When trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name Choice Reaction Time are measured within 2 weeks of the start, and the middle half from the first day to 12 weeks. 102 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day76 outcomes, 40 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks56 outcomes, 22 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months75 outcomes, 22 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months25 outcomes, 9 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months14 outcomes, 6 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 2 years6 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Over 2 years8 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given10 outcomes, 7 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

260 of the 270 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting36 studies, 15 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting11 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting6 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Completed180 studies, 75 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early20 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown17 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral37 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
  • Drug104 studies, 37 as a primary outcome
  • Device40 studies, 11 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement46 studies, 22 as a primary outcome
  • Procedure6 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Diagnostic test3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Biological2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Combination product3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Other63 studies, 29 as a primary outcome
  • None given11 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States99 studies, 36 as a primary outcome
  • United Kingdom60 studies, 27 as a primary outcome
  • Canada37 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Germany18 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • France15 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Italy15 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Belgium14 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Spain14 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Australia12 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • China12 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Poland12 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Türkiye12 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

57 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 18 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed studies that name Choice Reaction Time: 91 of 180, 51%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed studies that name Choice Reaction Time and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted studies that name Choice Reaction TimeEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper30, 17%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only24, 13%1,139, 14%
A results paper only37, 21%1,711, 22%
Neither89, 49%4,327, 54%

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that studies naming Choice Reaction Time name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    Simple Reaction Time85 studies, 39 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Symbol Coding52 studies, 14 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Trail Making Test50 studies, 10 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Stroop Color-Word Test37 studies, 16 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    N-Back Task34 studies, 11 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Rapid Visual Information Processing32 studies, 18 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    Verbal Learning30 studies, 16 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Delayed Recall Module27 studies, 12 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Continuous Performance Test22 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Verbal Fluency19 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Compared over time

Studies per start year for Choice Reaction Time and the tests named with it most. Add or remove tests to compare.
Choice Reaction Time269 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026
Simple Reaction Time209 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026
Symbol Coding1,448 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026
Trail Making Test2,281 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026

The panel's testThe other tests chosenEvery panel has the same scale. 2026 is partly planned starts.

Show as a table
Registered studies per start year that name each test
Start yearChoice Reaction TimeSimple Reaction TimeSymbol CodingTrail Making Test
20000012
20010020
20020033
20030038
2004211110
200530714
200655814
2007631421
2008541417
2009351829
20101192832
20118113047
201211102744
2013773560
20141594766
20151483985
2016121272103
2017171171122
201810883117
2019101094155
20209779122
20212216116172
20221710107188
20231813140228
20241812134211
20252419134210
20262219131201

Explore the 270 studies

Filter by condition, phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
TestChoice Reaction Time

270 studies match. 109 name Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome. Median size 60 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 2 weeks.

Loading 270 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
01020302000: 0 studies, 0 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2004: 2 studies, 0 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2005: 3 studies, 2 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome20052006: 5 studies, 3 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2007: 6 studies, 2 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2008: 5 studies, 2 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2009: 3 studies, 1 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2010: 11 studies, 6 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome20102011: 8 studies, 2 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2012: 11 studies, 7 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2013: 7 studies, 3 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2014: 15 studies, 7 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2015: 14 studies, 7 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome20152016: 12 studies, 7 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2017: 17 studies, 8 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2018: 10 studies, 7 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2019: 10 studies, 2 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2020: 9 studies, 1 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome20202021: 22 studies, 8 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2022: 17 studies, 7 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2023: 18 studies, 2 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2024: 18 studies, 6 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome2025: 24 studies, 8 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome20252026: 22 studies, 11 naming Choice Reaction Time in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts. Not shown: 1 planned to start after 2026.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200420
200532
200653
200762
200852
200931
2010116
201182
2012117
201373
2014157
2015147
2016127
2017178
2018107
2019102
202091
2021228
2022177
2023182
2024186
2025248
20262211

Library tests named most

  • Choice Reaction Time270 studies, 109 as a primary outcome
  • Simple Reaction Time85 studies, 39 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Coding52 studies, 14 as a primary outcome
  • Trail Making Test50 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
  • Stroop Color-Word Test37 studies, 16 as a primary outcome
  • N-Back Task34 studies, 11 as a primary outcome
  • Rapid Visual Information Processing32 studies, 18 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Learning30 studies, 16 as a primary outcome
  • Delayed Recall Module27 studies, 12 as a primary outcome
  • Continuous Performance Test22 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

Largest condition groups

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 78, NIH 1, other 191. Interventional 247, observational 23.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeChoice Reaction Time

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07897175Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants54Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary1 week
  • Choice Reaction TimePrimary1 week
  • Simple Reaction TimePrimary1 week
  • Arithmetic Fluency TaskPrimary1 week
NCT07879924Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Symbol CodingSecondary1 week
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondary1 week
NCT07833748Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsParkinson's diseaseParticipants12Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary13 weeks
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondary13 weeks
  • Simple Reaction TimeSecondary13 weeks
  • Finger Tapping TaskSecondary13 weeks
NCT07825948Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exerciseParticipants299Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondary8 weeks
  • Simple Reaction TimeSecondary8 weeks
NCT07808710Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exerciseParticipants11Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondarysame day
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondarysame day
NCT07759687Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants24Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondarysame day
  • Choice Reaction TimePrimarysame day
  • Rapid Visual Information ProcessingPrimarysame day
  • Arithmetic Fluency TaskSecondarysame day
NCT07757997Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants143Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestOther outcome8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingOther outcome8 weeks
  • Choice Reaction TimeOther outcome8 weeks
NCT07757529Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants64Lead sponsorIndustryStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Choice Reaction TimePrimary8 weeks
  • Delayed Recall ModulePrimary8 weeks
NCT07752329Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsPain and fatigueParticipants70Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary6 weeks
  • Choice Reaction TimePrimary6 weeks
  • Simple Reaction TimePrimary6 weeks
  • Rapid Visual Information ProcessingSecondary6 weeks
  • Delayed Recall ModuleSecondary6 weeks
  • Finger Tapping TaskSecondary6 weeks
  • Fitts Pointing TaskSecondary6 weeks
  • Multiple Object TrackingSecondary6 weeks
NCT07711834Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants45Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondary12 weeks
NCT07702929Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsParkinson's diseaseParticipants48Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stop-Signal TaskPrimary4 weeks
  • Choice Reaction TimePrimary4 weeks
  • Simple Reaction TimePrimary4 weeks
NCT07693686Start2027PhaseNot applicableConditionsAnxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants176Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningOther outcome10 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyOther outcome10 weeks
  • Digit Span TestOther outcome10 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestOther outcome10 weeks
  • Choice Reaction TimeOther outcome10 weeks
  • AX Continuous Performance TestOther outcome10 weeks
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskOther outcome10 weeks
NCT07670208Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exerciseParticipants100Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondary12 weeks
NCT07652424Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exercise, Sleep and sleep disordersParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondary
  • Simple Reaction TimeSecondary
NCT07648667Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsPain and fatigueParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimarysame day
  • N-Back TaskPrimarysame day
  • Choice Reaction TimePrimarysame day
NCT07536178Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsCancer, Lung diseaseParticipants24Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Choice Reaction TimePrimary4 months
NCT07524400Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsParkinson's diseaseParticipants100Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Choice Reaction TimePrimary7 weeks
NCT07515183Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants36Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Go/No-Go TaskSecondary
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondary
NCT07427485Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Verbal FluencySecondary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary12 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary12 weeks
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondary12 weeks
  • Simple Reaction TimeSecondary12 weeks
NCT07389421Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Obesity and diabetesParticipants3,200Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondary22 months
NCT07360886Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsParkinson's disease, Multiple sclerosisParticipants200Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Symbol CodingSecondarysame day
  • Go/No-Go TaskPrimarysame day
  • Choice Reaction TimePrimarysame day
NCT07331077Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsCancerParticipants10Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary6 months
  • Verbal LearningPrimary6 months
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary6 months
  • Choice Reaction TimePrimary6 months
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
NCT07199426Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exerciseParticipants34Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Choice Reaction TimePrimary8 weeks
NCT07196423Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants106Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary9 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary9 weeks
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondary9 weeks
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestSecondary9 weeks
  • Error Awareness TaskSecondary9 weeks
NCT07143838Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants12Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary3 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary3 weeks
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondary3 weeks

Page 1 of 11

Questions, answered from the data

How many clinical trials use Choice Reaction Time?

270 registered studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 109 of them in a primary outcome.

In which conditions do trials use Choice Reaction Time?

Most often in depression and bipolar disorder (36), dementia and Alzheimer's disease (25) and aging, frailty and exercise (23).

Do new trials use Choice Reaction Time more or less?

1.4% of the studies that started in 2021 to 2025 name it, against 1.3% of those that started in 2016 to 2020: a share 8% larger.

Which tests do trials use with Choice Reaction Time?

Simple Reaction Time (85 studies), Symbol Coding (52 studies) and the Trail Making Test (50 studies).

How many participants do phase 2 trials that use Choice Reaction Time enroll?

Half of the phase 2 studies that name it enroll 76 participants or fewer, and the middle half enroll 33 to 124. 47 of them give a size.

When do trials measure Choice Reaction Time?

Half of the primary outcomes that name Choice Reaction Time are measured within 2 weeks of the start, and the middle half from the first day to 12 weeks. 102 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed trials that use Choice Reaction Time have reported results?

91 of the 180 completed studies that name it, 51%, have reported results: 54 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 67 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 30 did both. The other 89 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on tests in clinical trials

  • Choice Reaction Time: what it measures, its scores, and a version to try
  • All 101 tests in clinical trials
  • Cognitive tests by condition
  • Every registered study, by test, condition, phase and year

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

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