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  5. /Continuous Performance Test

Clinical trials data

Continuous Performance Test in clinical trials: 638 registered studies

Every registered study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names the Continuous Performance Test in an outcome measure: the conditions it is used in, how often it is a primary outcome, the tests it is named with, and how large the studies are.

Registered studies name it in an outcome measure
638
Name it in a primary outcome, 42%
265 of 638
Against similar tests
Of studies started 2021 to 2025 name it, against 3.9% in 2016 to 2020
3.3%
By year
Median participants per study
63
By phase
Try the Continuous Performance Test

The conditions it is used in

Each study counted once in each condition group it falls in.
  1. ADHD123 studies, 56 as a primary outcome

  2. Schizophrenia and psychosis78 studies, 28 as a primary outcome

  3. Depression and bipolar disorder73 studies, 27 as a primary outcome

  4. Substance use and addiction53 studies, 17 as a primary outcome

  5. Brain injury and concussion39 studies, 22 as a primary outcome

  6. Sleep and sleep disorders37 studies, 16 as a primary outcome

  7. Anxiety, PTSD and OCD37 studies, 10 as a primary outcome

  8. Cancer35 studies, 14 as a primary outcome

  9. Pain and fatigue27 studies, 10 as a primary outcome

  10. Aging, frailty and exercise22 studies, 11 as a primary outcome

  11. Healthy volunteers18 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  12. Mild cognitive impairment17 studies, 11 as a primary outcome

  13. Autism17 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  14. Stroke16 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  15. Obesity and diabetes15 studies, 8 as a primary outcome

  16. Dementia and Alzheimer's14 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  17. Cognitive impairment and decline14 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  18. Epilepsy10 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  19. COVID-19 and long COVID9 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  20. Parkinson's disease7 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  21. Multiple sclerosis6 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  22. Cardiovascular disease5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  23. Delirium, surgery and intensive care4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  24. Lung disease1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

  25. Other conditions100 studies, 49 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

How often it is a primary outcome

The Continuous Performance Test is a primary outcome in 42% of its studies. Across the 18 attention tests with a page here, the median is 41%.
  1. Eriksen Flanker Task53% of 334 studies

  2. Oddball Target Detection47% of 86 studies

  3. Sustained Attention to Response46% of 85 studies

  4. Dot-Probe Task43% of 148 studies

  5. Rapid Visual Information Processing42% of 204 studies

  6. Continuous Performance Test42% of 638 studies

  7. Attention Network Test41% of 138 studies

  8. Choice Reaction Time40% of 270 studies

  9. Cancellation Test40% of 253 studies

  10. Psychomotor Vigilance Task39% of 395 studies

  11. Contrast Sensitivity Test35% of 119 studies

  12. Line Angle Matching30% of 69 studies

Studies by start year

3.3% of the registered studies that started in 2021 to 2025 name it, against 3.9% of those that started in 2016 to 2020. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 3 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 6 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 6 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 8 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 8 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 11 studies, 6 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 10 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 16 studies, 6 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 14 studies, 7 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 20 studies, 6 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 17 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 20 studies, 9 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 27 studies, 9 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 24 studies, 13 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 32 studies, 12 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 37 studies, 15 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 37 studies, 13 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 41 studies, 16 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 29 studies, 11 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 39 studies, 19 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 36 studies, 16 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 65 studies, 28 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 53 studies, 19 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 41 studies, 19 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 30 studies, 16 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200010
200110
200232
200363
200463
200582
200685
2007116
2008104
2009166
2010147
2011206
2012174
2013209
2014279
20152413
20163212
20173715
20183713
20194116
20202911
20213919
20223616
20236528
20245319
20254119
20263016

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Early phase 118 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 118 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 1/214 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 273 studies, 15 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 2/36 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 329 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 443 studies, 23 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable363 studies, 164 as a primary outcome
  • Observational74 studies, 29 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100200
  • Early phase 135 median, 24 to 68
  • Phase 140 median, 16 to 62
  • Phase 1/230 median, 25 to 60
  • Phase 260 median, 36 to 95
  • Phase 3101 median, 61 to 203
  • Phase 472 median, 31 to 120
  • Not applicable60 median, 32 to 100
  • Observational124 median, 62 to 202
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per study that names the Continuous Performance Test, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Early phase 1163524 to 68
Phase 1174016 to 62
Phase 1/2133025 to 60
Phase 2726036 to 95
Phase 32810161 to 203
Phase 4437231 to 120
Not applicable3596032 to 100
Observational7412462 to 202

When trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Continuous Performance Test are measured within 8 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 1 week to 13 weeks. 248 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day111 outcomes, 53 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks121 outcomes, 43 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months188 outcomes, 90 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months96 outcomes, 38 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months44 outcomes, 17 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 2 years15 outcomes, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Over 2 years13 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given35 outcomes, 17 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

588 of the 623 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting112 studies, 41 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting25 studies, 16 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting23 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Completed336 studies, 148 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early48 studies, 16 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown94 studies, 39 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral177 studies, 84 as a primary outcome
  • Drug203 studies, 69 as a primary outcome
  • Device105 studies, 41 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement63 studies, 27 as a primary outcome
  • Procedure19 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Diagnostic test10 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Biological4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Radiation3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Combination product2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Genetic2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Other138 studies, 64 as a primary outcome
  • None given31 studies, 10 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States307 studies, 133 as a primary outcome
  • Taiwan57 studies, 20 as a primary outcome
  • Spain38 studies, 20 as a primary outcome
  • Canada33 studies, 16 as a primary outcome
  • China23 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • France21 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Norway16 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • United Kingdom16 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Hong Kong15 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Germany13 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Denmark12 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • South Korea12 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

39 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 27 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed studies that name the Continuous Performance Test: 160 of 336, 48%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed studies that name the Continuous Performance Test and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted studies that name the Continuous Performance TestEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper47, 14%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only62, 18%1,139, 14%
A results paper only51, 15%1,711, 22%
Neither176, 52%4,327, 54%

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that studies naming the Continuous Performance Test name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    AX Continuous Performance Test181 studies, 23 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Digit Span Test140 studies, 57 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Verbal Learning124 studies, 58 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Stroop Color-Word Test112 studies, 53 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Trail Making Test110 studies, 39 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Verbal Fluency76 studies, 36 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    N-Back Task65 studies, 29 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Symbol Coding63 studies, 24 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Category Fluency50 studies, 21 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Card Sorting Test (Berg)44 studies, 15 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Compared over time

Studies per start year for the Continuous Performance Test and the tests named with it most. Add or remove tests to compare.
Continuous Performance Test632 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026
AX Continuous Performance Test187 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026
Digit Span Test1,619 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026
Verbal Learning1,819 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026

The panel's testThe other tests chosenEvery panel has the same scale. 2026 is partly planned starts.

Show as a table
Registered studies per start year that name each test
Start yearContinuous Performance TestAX Continuous Performance TestDigit Span TestVerbal Learning
20001031
20011025
20023018
200362414
200461414
200583717
200682413
20071111422
20081041928
20091632228
20101423742
20112062633
20121743642
20132084453
201427104982
201524127991
20163286998
2017371282107
201837108592
20194111110122
20202979076
20213917122137
2022369121138
20236515164157
20245316141144
20254112147132
20263012137123

Explore the 638 studies

Filter by condition, phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
TestThe Continuous Performance Test

638 studies match. 265 name the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome. Median size 63 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 8 weeks.

Loading 638 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
0204060802000: 1 studies, 0 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome20002001: 1 studies, 0 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2002: 3 studies, 2 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2003: 6 studies, 3 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2004: 6 studies, 3 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2005: 8 studies, 2 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome20052006: 8 studies, 5 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2007: 11 studies, 6 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2008: 10 studies, 4 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2009: 16 studies, 6 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2010: 14 studies, 7 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome20102011: 20 studies, 6 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2012: 17 studies, 4 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2013: 20 studies, 9 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2014: 27 studies, 9 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2015: 24 studies, 13 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome20152016: 32 studies, 12 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2017: 37 studies, 15 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2018: 37 studies, 13 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2019: 41 studies, 16 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2020: 29 studies, 11 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome20202021: 39 studies, 19 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2022: 36 studies, 16 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2023: 65 studies, 28 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2024: 53 studies, 19 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2025: 41 studies, 19 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome20252026: 30 studies, 16 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts. Not shown: 2 that started before 2000 and 4 planned to start after 2026.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200010
200110
200232
200363
200463
200582
200685
2007116
2008104
2009166
2010147
2011206
2012174
2013209
2014279
20152413
20163212
20173715
20183713
20194116
20202911
20213919
20223616
20236528
20245319
20254119
20263016

Library tests named most

  • Continuous Performance Test638 studies, 265 as a primary outcome
  • AX Continuous Performance Test181 studies, 23 as a primary outcome
  • Digit Span Test140 studies, 57 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Learning124 studies, 58 as a primary outcome
  • Stroop Color-Word Test112 studies, 53 as a primary outcome
  • Trail Making Test110 studies, 39 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Fluency76 studies, 36 as a primary outcome
  • N-Back Task65 studies, 29 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Coding63 studies, 24 as a primary outcome
  • Category Fluency50 studies, 21 as a primary outcome

Largest condition groups

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 54, NIH 1, other 583. Interventional 564, observational 74.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeThe Continuous Performance Test

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07900451Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsADHDParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondarysame day
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
NCT07900048Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsADHDParticipants100Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary16 weeks
  • Tower PlanningPrimary16 weeks
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
NCT07886606Start2021PhaseEarly phase 1ConditionsSubstance use and addiction, Pain and fatigueParticipants34Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimarysame day
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimarysame day
NCT07852052Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsSubstance use and addiction, Sleep and sleep disordersParticipants34Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary13 weeks
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
NCT07845409Start2027PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants138Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary10 weeks
  • Go/No-Go TaskPrimary10 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary10 weeks
  • AX Continuous Performance TestPrimary10 weeks
  • Monetary Incentive DelayPrimary10 weeks
  • Affective Go/No-GoPrimary10 weeks
NCT07834203Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants500Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary8 weeks
  • AX Continuous Performance TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningSecondary8 weeks
  • Four-Armed BanditPrimary8 weeks
NCT07817316Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussionParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary3 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary3 weeks
  • Oddball Target DetectionPrimary3 weeks
NCT07789457Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsAutismParticipants105Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary12 weeks
NCT07767617Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsADHD, Sleep and sleep disordersParticipants150Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
  • Go/No-Go TaskSecondary4 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary6 months
  • Stop-Signal TaskSecondary4 weeks
  • Delay DiscountingSecondary6 months
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Balloon RiskSecondary4 weeks
  • Beads TaskSecondary6 months
NCT07702526Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants160Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary4 weeks
  • Verbal LearningPrimary4 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary4 weeks
  • Category FluencyPrimary4 weeks
  • Antisaccade TaskPrimary4 weeks
NCT07693686Start2027PhaseNot applicableConditionsAnxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants176Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningOther outcome10 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyOther outcome10 weeks
  • Digit Span TestOther outcome10 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestOther outcome10 weeks
  • Choice Reaction TimeOther outcome10 weeks
  • AX Continuous Performance TestOther outcome10 weeks
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskOther outcome10 weeks
NCT07682194Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsStrokeParticipants28Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Swap Spotter Game and Change DetectionSecondary4 weeks
NCT07656389Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants192Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondarysame day
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondarysame day
NCT07600567Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants300Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary6 months
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary6 months
NCT07595783Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsADHDParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary7 months
NCT07587957Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsCancerParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Verbal LearningOther outcome4 weeks
  • N-Back TaskSecondary4 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary4 weeks
  • AX Continuous Performance TestSecondary4 weeks
NCT07586566Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussionParticipants15Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary3 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary3 weeks
  • Cancellation TestPrimary3 weeks
NCT07576413Start2018PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants31Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondarysame day
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition TestSecondarysame day
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskSecondarysame day
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Arithmetic Fluency TaskSecondarysame day
NCT07572240Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants72Lead sponsorIndustryStatusActive, not recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary8 weeks
NCT07521449Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsADHDParticipants45Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary8 weeks
NCT07512284Start2026PhasePhase 2ConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskSecondary4 weeks
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Delayed Match-to-SampleOther outcome4 weeks
NCT07479927Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsCancerParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimarysame day
  • Verbal FluencyPrimarysame day
  • Symbol CodingPrimarysame day
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimarysame day
  • Category FluencyPrimarysame day
NCT07452562Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary12 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary12 weeks
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
NCT07443189Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants233Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary6 months
  • N-Back TaskPrimary6 months
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary6 months
  • Picture Naming TestPrimary6 months
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskPrimary6 months
  • Task Switching TestPrimary6 months
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Attention Network TestPrimary6 months
  • Posner CueingPrimary6 months
NCT07419659Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsADHDParticipants80Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary8 weeks

Page 1 of 26

Questions, answered from the data

How many clinical trials use the Continuous Performance Test?

638 registered studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 265 of them in a primary outcome.

In which conditions do trials use the Continuous Performance Test?

Most often in ADHD (123), schizophrenia and psychosis (78) and depression and bipolar disorder (73).

Do new trials use the Continuous Performance Test more or less?

3.3% of the studies that started in 2021 to 2025 name it, against 3.9% of those that started in 2016 to 2020: a share 16% smaller.

Which tests do trials use with the Continuous Performance Test?

The AX Continuous Performance Test (181 studies), the Digit Span Test (140 studies) and Verbal Learning (124 studies).

How many participants do phase 2 trials that use the Continuous Performance Test enroll?

Half of the phase 2 studies that name it enroll 60 participants or fewer, and the middle half enroll 36 to 95. 72 of them give a size.

When do trials measure the Continuous Performance Test?

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Continuous Performance Test are measured within 8 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 1 week to 13 weeks. 248 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed trials that use the Continuous Performance Test have reported results?

160 of the 336 completed studies that name it, 48%, have reported results: 109 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 98 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 47 did both. The other 176 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on tests in clinical trials

  • Continuous Performance Test: what it measures, its scores, and a version to try
  • All 101 tests in clinical trials
  • Cognitive tests by condition
  • Every registered study, by test, condition, phase and year

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

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