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  1. Home
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  5. /Schizophrenia and psychosis
  6. /Continuous Performance Test

Clinical trials data

Continuous Performance Test in schizophrenia and psychosis trials: 78 registered studies

Every registered schizophrenia and psychosis study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names the Continuous Performance Test in an outcome measure: how often it is a primary outcome, the tests named with it, how large the studies are and when they measure it.

Registered schizophrenia and psychosis studies name it in an outcome measure
78
Name it in a primary outcome, 36%
28 of 78
Of the condition's 640 studies name it, against 4% of all registered studies
12%
Other conditions
Median participants per study
71
By phase
Try the Continuous Performance Test

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that schizophrenia and psychosis studies naming the Continuous Performance Test name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    Verbal Learning28 studies, 14 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Category Fluency27 studies, 9 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    AX Continuous Performance Test24 studies, 12 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Trail Making Test21 studies, 8 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Symbol Coding15 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Digit Span Test15 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    N-Back Task13 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Verbal Fluency11 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Card Sorting Test (Berg)10 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Letter-Number Sequencing Task9 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Studies by start year

Each study counted once. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 5 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 3 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 4 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 4 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 8 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 5 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 3 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 5 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 4 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 5 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 4 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 3 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 3 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200110
200211
200311
200422
200521
200622
200752
200810
200910
201032
201141
201220
201341
201481
201531
201651
201732
201851
201942
202020
202152
202241
202322
202420
202530
202632

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Phase 12 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 1/21 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 225 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 2/32 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 33 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 410 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable34 studies, 17 as a primary outcome
  • Observational1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100
  • Phase 268 median, 45 to 90
  • Phase 477 median, 59 to 102
  • Not applicable65 median, 40 to 88
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per schizophrenia and psychosis study that names the Continuous Performance Test, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Phase 2256845 to 90
Phase 4107759 to 102
Not applicable346540 to 88

When schizophrenia and psychosis trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Continuous Performance Test are measured within 10 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 3 weeks to 14 weeks. 28 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day9 outcomes, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks13 outcomes, 7 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months26 outcomes, 10 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months16 outcomes, 7 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months5 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 2 years2 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

71 of the 71 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting16 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Completed43 studies, 18 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early5 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown13 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral17 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Drug44 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
  • Device13 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Biological1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Other12 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • None given1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States37 studies, 14 as a primary outcome
  • Taiwan15 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • China5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Canada4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Spain4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • France2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Norway2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Germany1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Holy See1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Ireland1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Italy1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Poland1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

14 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 3 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed schizophrenia and psychosis studies that name the Continuous Performance Test: 32 of 43, 74%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed schizophrenia and psychosis studies that name the Continuous Performance Test and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted schizophrenia and psychosis studies that name the Continuous Performance TestEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper13, 30%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only12, 28%1,139, 14%
A results paper only7, 16%1,711, 22%
Neither11, 26%4,327, 54%

The 78 studies

Filter by phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
ConditionSchizophrenia and psychosis
TestThe Continuous Performance Test

78 studies match. 28 name the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome. Median size 71 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 10 weeks.

Loading 78 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
024682000: 0 studies, 0 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome20002001: 1 studies, 0 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2002: 1 studies, 1 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2003: 1 studies, 1 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2004: 2 studies, 2 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2005: 2 studies, 1 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome20052006: 2 studies, 2 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2007: 5 studies, 2 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2008: 1 studies, 0 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 0 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2010: 3 studies, 2 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome20102011: 4 studies, 1 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2012: 2 studies, 0 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2013: 4 studies, 1 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2014: 8 studies, 1 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2015: 3 studies, 1 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome20152016: 5 studies, 1 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2017: 3 studies, 2 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2018: 5 studies, 1 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2019: 4 studies, 2 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2020: 2 studies, 0 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome20202021: 5 studies, 2 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2022: 4 studies, 1 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2023: 2 studies, 2 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2024: 2 studies, 0 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome2025: 3 studies, 0 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome20252026: 3 studies, 2 naming the Continuous Performance Test in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200110
200211
200311
200422
200521
200622
200752
200810
200910
201032
201141
201220
201341
201481
201531
201651
201732
201851
201942
202020
202152
202241
202322
202420
202530
202632

Library tests named most

  • Continuous Performance Test78 studies, 28 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Learning28 studies, 14 as a primary outcome
  • Category Fluency27 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • AX Continuous Performance Test24 studies, 12 as a primary outcome
  • Trail Making Test21 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Coding15 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Digit Span Test15 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • N-Back Task13 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Fluency11 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)10 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

Conditions

  • Schizophrenia and psychosis78 studies, 28 as a primary outcome
  • Substance use and addiction7 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Depression and bipolar disorder6 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Healthy volunteers2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Dementia and Alzheimer's1 study, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Aging, frailty and exercise1 study, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Delirium, surgery and intensive care1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 9, other 69. Interventional 77, observational 1.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeThe Continuous Performance Test

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07834203Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants500Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary8 weeks
  • AX Continuous Performance TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Word Pair LearningSecondary8 weeks
  • Four-Armed BanditPrimary8 weeks
NCT07702526Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants160Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary4 weeks
  • Verbal LearningPrimary4 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary4 weeks
  • Category FluencyPrimary4 weeks
  • Antisaccade TaskPrimary4 weeks
NCT07226895Start2026PhasePhase 1/2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants150Lead sponsorIndustryStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Symbol CodingSecondary8 weeks
  • N-Back TaskSecondary8 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Emoji Emotion RecognitionSecondary8 weeks
  • Finger Tapping TaskSecondary8 weeks
NCT07122895Start2025PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary12 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary12 weeks
NCT07006935Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • N-Back TaskPrimary6 months
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary6 months
  • AX Continuous Performance TestPrimary6 months
  • Emoji Emotion RecognitionSecondary6 months
  • Indirect Hints TaskSecondary6 months
NCT06574360Start2024PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary8 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary8 weeks
NCT06562608Start2025PhasePhase 4ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants105Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • AX Continuous Performance TestPrimary6 months
  • Relational and Item Encoding TaskPrimary6 months
NCT06542640Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Healthy volunteersParticipants300Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary2 years
  • Verbal LearningSecondary2 years
  • Verbal FluencySecondary2 years
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary2 years
  • Category FluencySecondary2 years
NCT06423651Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants160Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknown

Paper

Library tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary6 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary6 months
  • Verbal LearningSecondary6 months
  • Verbal FluencySecondary6 months
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary6 months
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Secondary6 months
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary6 months
  • Emoji Emotion RecognitionSecondary6 months
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskSecondary6 months
  • Indirect Hints TaskSecondary6 months
NCT06340789Start2021PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondarysame day
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Secondarysame day
NCT06021197Start2023PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary12 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Category FluencyPrimary12 weeks
NCT06003036Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimarysame day
  • AX Continuous Performance TestPrimarysame day
NCT05405946Start2019PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants50Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary1 week
  • Verbal LearningPrimary1 week
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary1 week
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Primary1 week
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallPrimary1 week
  • Matrix ReasoningOther outcome1 week
NCT05240976Start2022PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants80Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary12 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Category FluencyPrimary12 weeks
NCT05167396Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Healthy volunteersParticipants34Lead sponsorOtherStatusStopped earlyLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondarysame day
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondarysame day
  • AX Continuous Performance TestSecondarysame day
NCT05130853Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants48Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary13 weeks
  • Verbal LearningPrimary13 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary13 weeks
  • Category FluencyPrimary13 weeks
NCT05102929Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants75Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimarysame day
  • AX Continuous Performance TestPrimarysame day
NCT05052853Start2021PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants48Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary12 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary12 weeks
NCT04959201Start2020PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary12 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary12 weeks
NCT04917302Start2020PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary12 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary12 weeks
NCT04745143Start2018PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants80Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary6 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary6 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary6 weeks
NCT04321759Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants378Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary2 years
  • Symbol CodingSecondary2 years
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary2 years
  • Size Order Memory TestSecondary2 years
  • Picture Order Memory TestSecondary2 years
NCT04226898Start2022PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants68Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary14 weeks
  • Verbal LearningSecondary14 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary14 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary14 weeks
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskSecondary14 weeks
NCT04143308Start2019PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary6 months
  • Verbal LearningPrimary6 months
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary6 months
  • Category FluencyPrimary6 months
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskPrimary6 months
NCT04012684Start2019PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants48Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondarysame day
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Secondarysame day
  • Oddball Target DetectionPrimarysame day

Page 1 of 4

Questions, answered from the data

How many schizophrenia and psychosis trials use the Continuous Performance Test?

78 registered schizophrenia and psychosis studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 28 of them in a primary outcome: 12% of the condition's 640 studies with a cognitive outcome, against 4% of all of them. It is the 4th most named test in schizophrenia and psychosis trials.

Which tests do schizophrenia and psychosis trials use with the Continuous Performance Test?

Verbal Learning (28 studies), Category Fluency (27 studies) and the AX Continuous Performance Test (24 studies).

How many participants do phase 2 schizophrenia and psychosis trials that use the Continuous Performance Test enroll?

Half of the phase 2 studies that name it enroll 68 participants or fewer, and the middle half enroll 45 to 90. 25 of them give a size.

When do schizophrenia and psychosis trials measure the Continuous Performance Test?

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Continuous Performance Test are measured within 10 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 3 weeks to 14 weeks. 28 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed schizophrenia and psychosis trials that use the Continuous Performance Test have reported results?

32 of the 43 completed studies that name it, 74%, have reported results: 25 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 20 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 13 did both. The other 11 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on the Continuous Performance Test and schizophrenia and psychosis

  • Every cognitive test in schizophrenia and psychosis trials: 640 studies
  • The Continuous Performance Test in all clinical trials: 638 studies

The Continuous Performance Test in other conditions

  • ADHD123
  • Depression and bipolar disorder73
  • Substance use and addiction53

Other tests in schizophrenia and psychosis trials

  • Verbal Learning112
  • Verbal Fluency107
  • Trail Making Test102
  • Digit Span Test66
  • N-Back Task66
  • Emoji Emotion Recognition52
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)50

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

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