Clinical trials data
Verbal Learning in schizophrenia and psychosis trials: 112 registered studies
Every registered schizophrenia and psychosis study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names Verbal Learning in an outcome measure: how often it is a primary outcome, the tests named with it, how large the studies are and when they measure it.
- Registered schizophrenia and psychosis studies name it in an outcome measure
- 112
- Name it in a primary outcome, 33%
- 37 of 112
Tests named in the same studies
- 1
Trail Making Test43 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
- 2
Continuous Performance Test28 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
- 3
Verbal Fluency24 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
- 4
Category Fluency23 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
- 5
Digit Span Test23 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
- 6
Letter-Number Sequencing Task16 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
- 7
Card Sorting Test (Berg)13 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
- 8
Symbol Coding12 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
- 9
Stroop Color-Word Test11 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
- 10
Emoji Emotion Recognition8 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes
Studies by start year
A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes
Show as a table
| Start year | Studies | A test as a primary outcome |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0 | 0 |
| 2001 | 1 | 0 |
| 2002 | 5 | 5 |
| 2003 | 3 | 1 |
| 2004 | 3 | 2 |
| 2005 | 5 | 1 |
| 2006 | 1 | 1 |
| 2007 | 3 | 0 |
| 2008 | 3 | 0 |
| 2009 | 4 | 2 |
| 2010 | 7 | 5 |
| 2011 | 3 | 0 |
| 2012 | 3 | 2 |
| 2013 | 3 | 1 |
| 2014 | 9 | 3 |
| 2015 | 6 | 2 |
| 2016 | 7 | 2 |
| 2017 | 4 | 1 |
| 2018 | 5 | 1 |
| 2019 | 7 | 3 |
| 2020 | 0 | 0 |
| 2021 | 6 | 2 |
| 2022 | 5 | 0 |
| 2023 | 3 | 0 |
| 2024 | 5 | 0 |
| 2025 | 4 | 1 |
| 2026 | 5 | 2 |
Phases and study sizes
By phase
- Early phase 15 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- Phase 14 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
- Phase 1/22 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Phase 218 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
- Phase 2/34 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Phase 39 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
- Phase 412 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
- Not applicable53 studies, 17 as a primary outcome
- Observational5 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
Participants per study
- Phase 244 median, 30 to 83
- Phase 481 median, 39 to 122
- Not applicable62 median, 39 to 108
Show as a table
| Phase | Studies with a size | Median | Middle half |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phase 2 | 18 | 44 | 30 to 83 |
| Phase 4 | 12 | 81 | 39 to 122 |
| Not applicable | 51 | 62 | 39 to 108 |
When schizophrenia and psychosis trials measure it
Latest time point of each outcome
- Within a day19 outcomes, 8 as a primary outcome
- Up to 4 weeks18 outcomes, 5 as a primary outcome
- 1 to 3 months33 outcomes, 16 as a primary outcome
- 3 to 6 months22 outcomes, 6 as a primary outcome
- 6 to 12 months9 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
- 1 to 2 years7 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
- Over 2 years1 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
- No duration given3 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes
109 of the 112 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.
Status, results, interventions and countries
Status
- Recruiting11 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Not yet recruiting5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- Active, not recruiting4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Completed66 studies, 30 as a primary outcome
- Stopped early12 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Status unknown14 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
What they test
- Behavioral38 studies, 15 as a primary outcome
- Drug57 studies, 23 as a primary outcome
- Device12 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Dietary supplement2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Procedure1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Biological1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Combination product1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Other18 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
- None given1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.
Where their sites are
- United States52 studies, 21 as a primary outcome
- Canada11 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
- Spain10 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
- France8 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- United Kingdom7 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
- China5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- South Korea5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- Italy4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- Germany3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Austria2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Brazil2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Denmark2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
28 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 7 list no site.
Reported results
Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.
Completed schizophrenia and psychosis studies that name Verbal Learning: 45 of 66, 68%
Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%
| Results | Completed schizophrenia and psychosis studies that name Verbal Learning | Every completed study |
|---|---|---|
| Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper | 12, 18% | 776, 10% |
| Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only | 19, 29% | 1,139, 14% |
| A results paper only | 14, 21% | 1,711, 22% |
| Neither | 21, 32% | 4,327, 54% |
The 112 studies
112 studies match. 37 name Verbal Learning in a primary outcome. Median size 61 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 8 weeks.
Loading 112 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.
2026 is partly planned starts. Not shown: 1 that started before 2000 and 1 planned to start after 2026.
Show as a table
| Start year | Studies | As a primary outcome |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0 | 0 |
| 2001 | 1 | 0 |
| 2002 | 5 | 5 |
| 2003 | 3 | 1 |
| 2004 | 3 | 2 |
| 2005 | 5 | 1 |
| 2006 | 1 | 1 |
| 2007 | 3 | 0 |
| 2008 | 3 | 0 |
| 2009 | 4 | 2 |
| 2010 | 7 | 5 |
| 2011 | 3 | 0 |
| 2012 | 3 | 2 |
| 2013 | 3 | 1 |
| 2014 | 9 | 3 |
| 2015 | 6 | 2 |
| 2016 | 7 | 2 |
| 2017 | 4 | 1 |
| 2018 | 5 | 1 |
| 2019 | 7 | 3 |
| 2020 | 0 | 0 |
| 2021 | 6 | 2 |
| 2022 | 5 | 0 |
| 2023 | 3 | 0 |
| 2024 | 5 | 0 |
| 2025 | 4 | 1 |
| 2026 | 5 | 2 |
Library tests named most
Conditions
Phases
Participants
Lead sponsor: industry 9, other 103. Interventional 107, observational 5.
As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeVerbal Learning
The studies, newest registration first
Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
| Study | Start | Phase | Conditions | Participants | Lead sponsor | Status | Library tests named, with the latest time point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT07743645 | Start2026 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants100 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07702526 | Start2026 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants160 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07506070 | Start2026 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorder, Autism, Anxiety, PTSD and OCD | Participants160 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07404085 | Start2025 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorder | Participants160 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07330843 | Start2026 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants96 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07056894 | Start2026 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Substance use and addiction | Participants50 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07001878 | Start2025 | PhasePhase 4 | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Substance use and addiction | Participants24 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06870305 | Start2029 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants270 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06643871 | Start2024 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants40 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusStatus unknown | Library tests named
|
| NCT06542640 | Start2024 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Healthy volunteers | Participants300 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06529029 | Start2024 | PhasePhase 2/3 | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorder | Participants30 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusActive, not recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06464848 | Start2025 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants48 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06423651 | Start2022 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants160 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusStatus unknown | Library tests named
|
| NCT06270108 | Start2022 | PhaseEarly phase 1 | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Healthy volunteers | Participants288 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusStatus unknown | Library tests named
|
| NCT06038955 | Start2022 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorder | Participants62 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT06036316 | Start2024 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants90 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT05958875 | Start2024 | PhasePhase 4 | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants418 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT05796401 | Start2023 | PhasePhase 3 | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants500 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT05731414 | Start2023 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants360 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT05603104 | Start2025 | PhasePhase 3 | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorder | Participants1 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusStopped early | Library tests named
|
| NCT05405946 | Start2019 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants50 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusStatus unknown | Library tests named
|
| NCT05337904 | Start2023 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants6 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusActive, not recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT05130853 | Start2021 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants48 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT04951700 | Start2021 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Aging, frailty and exercise | Participants194 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT04822883 | Start2021 | PhasePhase 2 | ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis | Participants37 | Lead sponsorIndustry | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
Questions, answered from the data
How many schizophrenia and psychosis trials use Verbal Learning?
112 registered schizophrenia and psychosis studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 37 of them in a primary outcome: 18% of the condition's 640 studies with a cognitive outcome, against 11% of all of them. It is the test schizophrenia and psychosis trials name most.
Which tests do schizophrenia and psychosis trials use with Verbal Learning?
The Trail Making Test (43 studies), the Continuous Performance Test (28 studies) and Verbal Fluency (24 studies).
How many participants do phase 2 schizophrenia and psychosis trials that use Verbal Learning enroll?
Half of the phase 2 studies that name it enroll 44 participants or fewer, and the middle half enroll 30 to 83. 18 of them give a size.
When do schizophrenia and psychosis trials measure Verbal Learning?
Half of the primary outcomes that name Verbal Learning are measured within 8 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 6 days to 13 weeks. 35 primary outcomes give a duration.
How many completed schizophrenia and psychosis trials that use Verbal Learning have reported results?
45 of the 66 completed studies that name it, 68%, have reported results: 31 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 26 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 12 did both. The other 21 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.
How the studies are counted
For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.
The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.
A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.
A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.
The census counts Verbal Learning and Grocery Trip Game as one test family, so this page counts their studies together.
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