ConductCognition

  • Domains

    Tests

    • Processing speed43
    • Attention113
    • Working memory50
    • Executive function143
    • Episodic memory72
    • Response inhibition9
    • Social cognition75
    • Language42

    Most used

    Evidence

    1. Verbal Fluency TestGradeA
    2. Stroop Color-Word TestGradeA
    3. Trail Making TestGradeA
    4. N-Back TaskGradeA
    5. Go/No-Go TaskGradeA
    6. Digit Span TestGradeA
    7. Symbol Coding TestGradeA
    8. Verbal Learning TestGradeA
    REDTry it nowStroop Color-Word Test
    All 547 tests

    Browse by

    • Phone290
    • Tablet323
    • Untimed326
    • Up to 5 minutes69
    • Evidence grade A40

  • First studies

    Grade, length

    • Reaction Time StudyGradeA7 min
    • Pilot ScreeningGradeA15 min
    • Medication StudiesGradeA−26 min
    • Language-Minimized ScreeningGradeA−30 min

    Age groups

    • Older Adult Executive SpeedGradeA20 min
    • School-AgeGradeA−33 min

    Memory

    • At-Home MemoryGradeA26 min
    • Working Memory and LearningGradeA−19 min
    • Associative MemoryGradeB32 min
    • Working Memory CapacityGradeB34 min

    Language and perception

    • LanguageGradeA−33 min
    • Visual PerceptionGradeB27 min
    • Listening and Auditory ProcessingGradeB31 min

    Executive function and attention

    • Executive ControlGradeA18 min
    • Attention and ImpulsivityGradeA−26 min
    • Visual AttentionGradeB27 min
    • Creativity and Flexible ThinkingGradeB30 min
    • Reasoning and SpatialGradeB32 min

    Movement

    • Motor and AttentionGradeA−29 min
    • Motor LearningGradeB34 min

    Behavior, mood and choice

    • Food Choice and Self-ControlGradeA−29 min
    • Sleep and FatigueGradeB23 min
    • Social CognitionGradeB23 min
    • Impulsivity and Substance UseGradeB26 min
    • Emotion and MoodGradeB28 min
    • Decisions and RewardGradeB29 min
    All 26 batteries

    Find one

    Up to 15 minutes2Up to 30 minutes19Phone8
    Test order labBattery gradesHow batteries work

  • Use and evidence

    • Overview
    • Compare all 547 tests
    • Test-retest
    • Reliability and validity
    • Battery grades26
    • Download and cite

    Clinical trials

    • Overview
    • By condition25
    • By test101
    • Trial design benchmark
    • Cognitive outcomes, 2026

    Conditions

    Registered studies

    • Dementia and Alzheimer's1,673
    • Aging, frailty and exercise1,398
    • Depression and bipolar disorder1,247
    • Stroke1,233
    • Substance use and addiction895
    • Parkinson's disease892
    • Cancer760
    All 25 conditions
    16,361Registered studies name a cognitive test in an outcome measure11,688 name a test you can run hereExplore the studies
  • 1

    Build

    • Study design
    • Customize tests
    • Repeat visits
    • Study cost calculator
    2

    Recruit

    • Recruitment setup
    • Prolific
    • Sona Systems
    • CloudResearch Connect
    • Qualtrics
    3

    Run

    • Remote testing
    • Participant devices
    • Phone timing check
    • Offline edition
    4

    Results

    • Automated scoring
    • Test norms
    • Study Quality Monitor
    • Data export
    Platform overview

    Compliance

    • HIPAA-ready testing
    • US clinical research
    • Data Policy
    • Privacy Policy
    • Terms of Use

  • Research areas

    Tests used in each

    • Aging and dementia188
    • Decisions and reward105
    • Child development and education87
    • Language and bilingualism64
    • Social behavior62
    • Psychiatric groups35
    • Training and intervention28
    • Mood, anxiety and trauma25
    • Substance use and impulsivity25
    • Neurological and movement research19
    • Brain injury and concussion14
    • Sleep and fatigue14
    • ADHD11
    • Eating and obesity8
    • Medication and drug trials8

    Research settings

    • Student participant pools
    • Teaching a class
    • Clinical trials
    • US clinical research
    • Sites without internet
    Planning a study?

  • Methods

    • How evidence grades work
    • How test batteries work
    • How test order works
    Methods and questions

    Help

    • FAQ
    • Recruitment guides
    • Compare platforms

    Updates

    • Blog
    • New tests by email
    Latest post10 November 2026What you can do in ConductCognition todayA short tour of ConductCognition as it stands on 10 November. After this, we'll post when something changes how you run a study.Read the post
  • Pricing
Start Free
Log In
Log InStart Free
  1. Home
  2. /Data
  3. /Clinical trials
  4. /Conditions
  5. /Aging, frailty and exercise
  6. /Verbal Learning

Clinical trials data

Verbal Learning in aging, frailty and exercise trials: 128 registered studies

Every registered aging, frailty and exercise study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names Verbal Learning in an outcome measure: how often it is a primary outcome, the tests named with it, how large the studies are and when they measure it.

Registered aging, frailty and exercise studies name it in an outcome measure
128
Name it in a primary outcome, 39%
50 of 128
Of the condition's 1,398 studies name it, against 11% of all registered studies
9%
Other conditions
Median participants per study
80
By phase
Try Verbal LearningTry the Grocery Trip Game

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that aging, frailty and exercise studies naming Verbal Learning name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    Trail Making Test56 studies, 17 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Stroop Color-Word Test38 studies, 13 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Verbal Fluency34 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Symbol Coding33 studies, 9 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Digit Span Test30 studies, 16 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Short Story Recall12 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    Picture Order Memory Test11 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Picture Naming Test11 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Category Fluency9 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Dimensional Change Card Sort9 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Studies by start year

Each study counted once. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 4 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 7 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 10 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 7 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 9 studies, 6 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 10 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 9 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 15 studies, 6 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 17 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 8 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 12 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 8 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200111
200200
200311
200400
200500
200611
200700
200811
200910
201000
201110
201200
201322
201442
201572
201631
2017102
201873
201996
2020105
202194
2022156
2023173
202484
2025123
202682

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Early phase 11 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 13 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 26 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 2/31 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 32 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 42 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable94 studies, 40 as a primary outcome
  • Observational19 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100200
  • Not applicable78 median, 40 to 120
  • Observational172 median, 50 to 291
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per aging, frailty and exercise study that names Verbal Learning, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Not applicable937840 to 120
Observational1817250 to 291

When aging, frailty and exercise trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name Verbal Learning are measured within 13 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 8 weeks to 7 months. 48 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day15 outcomes, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks15 outcomes, 5 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months39 outcomes, 17 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months22 outcomes, 9 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months16 outcomes, 5 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 2 years7 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Over 2 years7 outcomes, 6 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given7 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

121 of the 128 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting26 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting6 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Completed65 studies, 28 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early8 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown19 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral51 studies, 15 as a primary outcome
  • Drug13 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Device16 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement16 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Diagnostic test2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Combination product3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Other35 studies, 16 as a primary outcome
  • None given8 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States54 studies, 27 as a primary outcome
  • Canada8 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • United Kingdom8 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Sweden6 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • China5 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Hong Kong5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Spain5 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Switzerland5 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Italy4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Portugal4 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Denmark3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Netherlands3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

24 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 4 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed aging, frailty and exercise studies that name Verbal Learning: 34 of 65, 52%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed aging, frailty and exercise studies that name Verbal Learning and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted aging, frailty and exercise studies that name Verbal LearningEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper8, 12%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only10, 15%1,139, 14%
A results paper only16, 25%1,711, 22%
Neither31, 48%4,327, 54%

The 128 studies

Filter by phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
ConditionAging, frailty and exercise
TestVerbal Learning

128 studies match. 50 name Verbal Learning in a primary outcome. Median size 80 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 13 weeks.

Loading 128 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
051015202000: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome20002001: 1 studies, 1 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2003: 1 studies, 1 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome20052006: 1 studies, 1 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2007: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2008: 1 studies, 1 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2010: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome20102011: 1 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2012: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2013: 2 studies, 2 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2014: 4 studies, 2 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2015: 7 studies, 2 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome20152016: 3 studies, 1 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2017: 10 studies, 2 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2018: 7 studies, 3 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2019: 9 studies, 6 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2020: 10 studies, 5 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome20202021: 9 studies, 4 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2022: 15 studies, 6 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2023: 17 studies, 3 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2024: 8 studies, 4 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2025: 12 studies, 3 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome20252026: 8 studies, 2 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts. Not shown: 1 that started before 2000.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200111
200200
200311
200400
200500
200611
200700
200811
200910
201000
201110
201200
201322
201442
201572
201631
2017102
201873
201996
2020105
202194
2022156
2023173
202484
2025123
202682

Library tests named most

  • Verbal Learning128 studies, 50 as a primary outcome
  • Trail Making Test56 studies, 17 as a primary outcome
  • Stroop Color-Word Test38 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Fluency34 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Coding33 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Digit Span Test30 studies, 16 as a primary outcome
  • Short Story Recall12 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Picture Order Memory Test11 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Picture Naming Test11 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Category Fluency9 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

Largest condition groups

  • Aging, frailty and exercise128 studies, 50 as a primary outcome
  • Mild cognitive impairment17 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
  • Dementia and Alzheimer's15 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Healthy volunteers15 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
  • Obesity and diabetes13 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Sleep and sleep disorders8 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Multiple sclerosis7 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Parkinson's disease5 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Depression and bipolar disorder4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Cancer3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Pain and fatigue3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Cardiovascular disease3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 3, other 125. Interventional 109, observational 19.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeVerbal Learning

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07702994Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exercise, Lung diseaseParticipants210Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary13 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary13 weeks
  • Category FluencyPrimary13 weeks
NCT07628686Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exerciseParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary12 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary12 months
  • Verbal LearningSecondary12 months
  • Verbal FluencySecondary12 months
  • Picture Naming TestSecondary12 months
  • Short Story RecallSecondary12 months
  • Cancellation TestSecondary12 months
NCT07624630Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsStroke, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants50Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondarysame day
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimarysame day
  • Verbal LearningSecondarysame day
  • Verbal FluencySecondarysame day
NCT07533084Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsDementia and Alzheimer's, Mild cognitive impairment, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants265Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary
  • Verbal LearningSecondary
  • Short Story RecallSecondary
NCT07504120Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosis, Depression and bipolar disorder, Aging, frailty and exercise, Pain and fatigueParticipants50Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary16 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary16 weeks
NCT07485062Start2026PhasePhase 4ConditionsAging, frailty and exercise, Obesity and diabetesParticipants164Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary7 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary7 months
  • Verbal LearningSecondary7 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary7 months
  • Symbol CodingSecondary7 months
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskSecondary7 months
NCT07314762Start2023PhaseObservationalConditionsAging, frailty and exercise, Delirium, surgery and intensive careParticipants1,200Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary12 months
  • Verbal LearningSecondary12 months
  • Picture Naming TestSecondary12 months
  • Clock Drawing TaskSecondary12 months
NCT07298876Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Aging, frailty and exercise, Sleep and sleep disordersParticipants20Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary10 weeks
NCT07208279Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants16Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary6 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary6 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary6 weeks
NCT07203196Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exercise, Obesity and diabetes, Sleep and sleep disordersParticipants16Lead sponsorOtherStatusActive, not recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Verbal LearningSecondary13 weeks
  • Dimensional Change Card SortSecondary13 weeks
  • Size Order Memory TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Pattern and Letter ComparisonSecondary13 weeks
  • Picture Order Memory TestSecondary13 weeks
NCT07171450Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exerciseParticipants75Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary7 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary7 weeks
  • Verbal LearningSecondary7 weeks
  • Verbal FluencySecondary7 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary7 weeks
NCT07170943Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exerciseParticipantsNot givenLead sponsorOtherStatusStopped earlyLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Verbal LearningSecondary12 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary12 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary12 weeks
NCT07165977Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exerciseParticipants110Lead sponsorOtherStatusActive, not recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary13 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary13 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningOther outcome
  • Cancellation TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Recognition Memory TestPrimary13 weeks
  • Block Copy TestSecondary13 weeks
NCT07108413Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exerciseParticipants72Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary13 weeks
  • Rapid Visual Information ProcessingPrimary13 weeks
NCT06948149Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants140Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary6 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary6 months
  • Verbal LearningSecondary6 months
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestPrimary6 months
NCT06948136Start2025PhasePhase 1ConditionsAging, frailty and exerciseParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimarysame day
NCT06906276Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsParkinson's disease, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondarysame day
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimarysame day
  • Verbal LearningSecondarysame day
  • Verbal FluencySecondarysame day
  • Symbol CodingSecondarysame day
NCT06901869Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsParkinson's disease, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants50Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningOther outcomesame day
NCT06896825Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants86Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningOther outcome13 weeks
  • Dimensional Change Card SortOther outcome13 weeks
  • Pattern and Letter ComparisonOther outcome13 weeks
  • Picture Order Memory TestOther outcome13 weeks
NCT06854731Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants328Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary18 months
  • Symbol CodingSecondary18 months
  • Dimensional Change Card SortSecondary18 months
NCT06828783Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exerciseParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary6 months
  • Digit Span TestPrimary6 months
NCT06821828Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants114Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary2 years
  • Verbal LearningSecondary2 years
  • Verbal FluencySecondary2 years
  • Digit Span TestSecondary2 years
  • Picture Naming TestSecondary2 years
  • Task Switching TestSecondary2 years
  • Clock Drawing TaskSecondary2 years
NCT06773416Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Aging, frailty and exercise, Sleep and sleep disordersParticipants206Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary7 months
  • Verbal LearningPrimary7 months
  • Digit Span TestPrimary7 months
  • Symbol CodingPrimary7 months
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskPrimary7 months
NCT06722976Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruiting

Paper

Library tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary13 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary13 weeks
NCT06715995Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsDementia and Alzheimer's, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants52Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruiting

Paper

Library tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Verbal LearningSecondary4 weeks
  • Verbal FluencySecondary4 weeks
  • Short Story RecallSecondary4 weeks
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallSecondary4 weeks

Page 1 of 6

Questions, answered from the data

How many aging, frailty and exercise trials use Verbal Learning?

128 registered aging, frailty and exercise studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 50 of them in a primary outcome: 9% of the condition's 1,398 studies with a cognitive outcome, against 11% of all of them. It is the 5th most named test in aging, frailty and exercise trials.

Which tests do aging, frailty and exercise trials use with Verbal Learning?

The Trail Making Test (56 studies), the Stroop Color-Word Test (38 studies) and Verbal Fluency (34 studies).

When do aging, frailty and exercise trials measure Verbal Learning?

Half of the primary outcomes that name Verbal Learning are measured within 13 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 8 weeks to 7 months. 48 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed aging, frailty and exercise trials that use Verbal Learning have reported results?

34 of the 65 completed studies that name it, 52%, have reported results: 18 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 24 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 8 did both. The other 31 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on Verbal Learning and aging, frailty and exercise

  • Every cognitive test in aging, frailty and exercise trials: 1,398 studies
  • Verbal Learning in all clinical trials: 1,832 studies

Verbal Learning in other conditions

  • Cancer235
  • Dementia and Alzheimer's224
  • Mild cognitive impairment183
  • Depression and bipolar disorder178
  • Multiple sclerosis139
  • Schizophrenia and psychosis112
  • Brain injury and concussion111
  • Cognitive impairment and decline79
  • Substance use and addiction77
  • Obesity and diabetes74
  • Pain and fatigue72
  • Anxiety, PTSD and OCD70
  • Sleep and sleep disorders66
  • Cardiovascular disease64
  • Stroke63
  • Parkinson's disease61
  • Healthy volunteers56
  • Delirium, surgery and intensive care51

Other tests in aging, frailty and exercise trials

  • Trail Making Test255
  • Stroop Color-Word Test230
  • Verbal Fluency136
  • Digit Span Test129
  • Symbol Coding116
  • N-Back Task68

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

The census counts Verbal Learning and Grocery Trip Game as one test family, so this page counts their studies together.

Run Verbal Learning in your trial

Choose tests with a record in registered trials, and run them in a browser at every site, on the same version each visit.

Start free
ConductCognition

Hosted browser-native cognitive testing for academic and commercial research workflows.

A product of ConductScience, Inc.

New tests and features, about once a month. Unsubscribe at any time.

Tests

  • All cognitive tests
  • Test batteries
  • Use and evidence
  • Test norms
  • Trail Making Test
  • N-Back Task
  • Automated scoring
  • Study design
  • New tests by email

Guides

  • Methods and questions
  • Blog
  • Recruitment setup
  • Participant devices
  • Prolific
  • Sona Systems
  • CloudResearch Connect
  • Qualtrics

Use cases

  • Student participant pools
  • Aging and dementia research
  • Clinical trials
  • US clinical research
  • Remote testing

Compare and buy

  • Pricing
  • Compare platforms
  • Offline edition
  • FAQ

Trust

  • Study Quality Monitor
  • HIPAA-ready testing
  • Data export
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Use
  • Data Policy

Company

  • ConductScience
  • Affiliate Program
© 2026 ConductScience, Inc. Research use only.