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  1. Home
  2. /Data
  3. /Clinical trials
  4. /Conditions
  5. /Multiple sclerosis
  6. /Verbal Learning

Clinical trials data

Verbal Learning in multiple sclerosis trials: 139 registered studies

Every registered multiple sclerosis study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names Verbal Learning in an outcome measure: how often it is a primary outcome, the tests named with it, how large the studies are and when they measure it.

Registered multiple sclerosis studies name it in an outcome measure
139
Name it in a primary outcome, 30%
42 of 139
Of the condition's 612 studies name it, against 11% of all registered studies
23%
Other conditions
Median participants per study
60
By phase
Try Verbal LearningTry the Grocery Trip Game

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that multiple sclerosis studies naming Verbal Learning name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    Symbol Coding107 studies, 36 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Paced Visual Serial Addition Test29 studies, 13 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Verbal Fluency29 studies, 9 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Stroop Color-Word Test19 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Trail Making Test14 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Digit Span Test9 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    Line Angle Matching6 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Category Fluency4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Continuous Performance Test3 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Selective Reminding Task3 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Studies by start year

Each study counted once. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 3 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 7 studies, 6 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 5 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 7 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 5 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 6 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 10 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 6 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 8 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 16 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 16 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 18 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 13 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 12 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200120
200200
200300
200411
200500
200600
200700
200800
200932
201000
201100
201200
201376
201453
201531
201671
201751
201862
2019102
202060
202182
2022164
2023164
2024185
2025135
2026123

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Early phase 12 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 12 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 1/22 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 28 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 2/34 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 311 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 43 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable88 studies, 28 as a primary outcome
  • Observational19 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

1020501002005001,000
  • Phase 3767 median, 157 to 969
  • Not applicable50 median, 30 to 100
  • Observational60 median, 60 to 120
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per multiple sclerosis study that names Verbal Learning, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Phase 311767157 to 969
Not applicable885030 to 100
Observational196060 to 120

When multiple sclerosis trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name Verbal Learning are measured within 13 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 8 weeks to 12 months. 39 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day18 outcomes, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks11 outcomes, 3 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months46 outcomes, 16 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months20 outcomes, 5 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months15 outcomes, 7 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 2 years13 outcomes, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Over 2 years10 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given6 outcomes, 3 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

133 of the 139 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting34 studies, 12 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting8 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting7 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Completed63 studies, 20 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early8 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown19 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral53 studies, 15 as a primary outcome
  • Drug27 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Device19 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement6 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Procedure2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Diagnostic test5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Biological1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Other28 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • None given5 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States54 studies, 22 as a primary outcome
  • Türkiye25 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Canada15 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Italy12 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Denmark11 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • France10 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Netherlands10 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • United Kingdom9 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Sweden8 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Portugal7 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Spain7 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Norway6 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

56 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 5 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed multiple sclerosis studies that name Verbal Learning: 24 of 63, 38%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed multiple sclerosis studies that name Verbal Learning and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted multiple sclerosis studies that name Verbal LearningEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper8, 13%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only8, 13%1,139, 14%
A results paper only8, 13%1,711, 22%
Neither39, 62%4,327, 54%

The 139 studies

Filter by phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
ConditionMultiple sclerosis
TestVerbal Learning

139 studies match. 42 name Verbal Learning in a primary outcome. Median size 60 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 13 weeks.

Loading 139 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
051015202000: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome20002001: 2 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2004: 1 studies, 1 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2007: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2009: 3 studies, 2 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2010: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome20102011: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2012: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2013: 7 studies, 6 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2014: 5 studies, 3 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2015: 3 studies, 1 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome20152016: 7 studies, 1 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2017: 5 studies, 1 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2018: 6 studies, 2 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2019: 10 studies, 2 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2020: 6 studies, 0 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome20202021: 8 studies, 2 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2022: 16 studies, 4 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2023: 16 studies, 4 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2024: 18 studies, 5 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome2025: 13 studies, 5 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome20252026: 12 studies, 3 naming Verbal Learning in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts. Not shown: 1 planned to start after 2026.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200120
200200
200300
200411
200500
200600
200700
200800
200932
201000
201100
201200
201376
201453
201531
201671
201751
201862
2019102
202060
202182
2022164
2023164
2024185
2025135
2026123

Library tests named most

  • Verbal Learning139 studies, 42 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Coding107 studies, 36 as a primary outcome
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition Test29 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Fluency29 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Stroop Color-Word Test19 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Trail Making Test14 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Digit Span Test9 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Line Angle Matching6 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Category Fluency4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Continuous Performance Test3 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

Largest condition groups

  • Multiple sclerosis139 studies, 42 as a primary outcome
  • Pain and fatigue11 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Aging, frailty and exercise7 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Depression and bipolar disorder4 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Brain injury and concussion3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Parkinson's disease3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Cancer3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Stroke2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Epilepsy2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Mild cognitive impairment1 study, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Healthy volunteers1 study, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Sleep and sleep disorders1 study, 1 as a primary outcome

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 14, other 125. Interventional 120, observational 19.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeVerbal Learning

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07893925Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants38Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary8 weeks
NCT07880418Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants20Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary5 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary5 weeks
NCT07766213Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsMultiple sclerosis, Pain and fatigueParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondarysame day
  • Symbol CodingSecondarysame day
NCT07734675Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants130Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary2 years
  • Verbal LearningPrimary2 years
  • Symbol CodingPrimary2 years
  • Picture Naming TestPrimary2 years
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition TestPrimary2 years
  • Cancellation TestPrimary2 years
  • Selective Reminding TaskPrimary2 years
NCT07710742Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosis, Pain and fatigueParticipants51Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary12 weeks
NCT07680738Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosis, Pain and fatigueParticipants38Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary4 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary4 weeks
NCT07578740Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary8 weeks
NCT07571304Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants22Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary8 weeks
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition TestSecondary8 weeks
NCT07507084Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary8 weeks
NCT07504120Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosis, Depression and bipolar disorder, Aging, frailty and exercise, Pain and fatigueParticipants50Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary16 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary16 weeks
NCT07447115Start2027PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary10 weeks
NCT07434934Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary6 weeks
  • Verbal LearningSecondary6 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary6 weeks
NCT07399262Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants32Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary
  • Symbol CodingSecondary
NCT07355387Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants75Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary1 week
  • Symbol CodingPrimary1 week
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskPrimary1 week
NCT07318129Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants220Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary2 years
  • Symbol CodingSecondary2 years
NCT07230015Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary8 weeks
NCT07181811Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary12 months
  • Symbol CodingPrimary12 months
NCT07160218Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants45Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallPrimary
NCT07114809Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants80Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary6 months
  • Symbol CodingPrimary6 months
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition TestPrimary6 months
NCT06992115Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants100Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary12 months
  • Symbol CodingSecondary12 months
NCT06968039Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants85Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary
  • Verbal LearningSecondary
  • Digit Span TestSecondary
  • Symbol CodingPrimary
NCT06966128Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants100Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary2 years
  • Verbal FluencySecondary2 years
  • Symbol CodingSecondary2 years
NCT06951919Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants125Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary13 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary13 weeks
NCT06877273Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants24Lead sponsorOtherStatusActive, not recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary6 months
  • Verbal FluencySecondary6 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
  • Symbol CodingSecondary6 months
  • Category FluencySecondary6 months
NCT06874764Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosisParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary8 weeks

Page 1 of 6

Questions, answered from the data

How many multiple sclerosis trials use Verbal Learning?

139 registered multiple sclerosis studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 42 of them in a primary outcome: 23% of the condition's 612 studies with a cognitive outcome, against 11% of all of them. It is the 3rd most named test in multiple sclerosis trials.

Which tests do multiple sclerosis trials use with Verbal Learning?

Symbol Coding (107 studies), the Paced Visual Serial Addition Test (29 studies) and Verbal Fluency (29 studies).

When do multiple sclerosis trials measure Verbal Learning?

Half of the primary outcomes that name Verbal Learning are measured within 13 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 8 weeks to 12 months. 39 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed multiple sclerosis trials that use Verbal Learning have reported results?

24 of the 63 completed studies that name it, 38%, have reported results: 16 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 16 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 8 did both. The other 39 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on Verbal Learning and multiple sclerosis

  • Every cognitive test in multiple sclerosis trials: 612 studies
  • Verbal Learning in all clinical trials: 1,832 studies

Verbal Learning in other conditions

  • Cancer235
  • Dementia and Alzheimer's224
  • Mild cognitive impairment183
  • Depression and bipolar disorder178
  • Aging, frailty and exercise128
  • Schizophrenia and psychosis112
  • Brain injury and concussion111
  • Cognitive impairment and decline79
  • Substance use and addiction77
  • Obesity and diabetes74
  • Pain and fatigue72
  • Anxiety, PTSD and OCD70
  • Sleep and sleep disorders66
  • Cardiovascular disease64
  • Stroke63
  • Parkinson's disease61
  • Healthy volunteers56
  • Delirium, surgery and intensive care51

Other tests in multiple sclerosis trials

  • Symbol Coding375
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition Test169
  • Verbal Fluency58
  • Stroop Color-Word Test56

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

The census counts Verbal Learning and Grocery Trip Game as one test family, so this page counts their studies together.

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