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  5. /Schizophrenia and psychosis
  6. /Digit Span Test

Clinical trials data

Digit Span Test in schizophrenia and psychosis trials: 66 registered studies

Every registered schizophrenia and psychosis study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names the Digit Span Test in an outcome measure: how often it is a primary outcome, the tests named with it, how large the studies are and when they measure it.

Registered schizophrenia and psychosis studies name it in an outcome measure
66
Name it in a primary outcome, 23%
15 of 66
Of the condition's 640 studies name it, against 10% of all registered studies
10%
Other conditions
Median participants per study
60
By phase
Try the Digit Span Test

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that schizophrenia and psychosis studies naming the Digit Span Test name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    Trail Making Test27 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Verbal Learning23 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Verbal Fluency19 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Symbol Coding18 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Card Sorting Test (Berg)17 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Continuous Performance Test15 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    Category Fluency13 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Stroop Color-Word Test13 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Tower Planning8 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Letter-Number Sequencing Task6 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Studies by start year

Each study counted once. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 3 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 4 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 5 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 4 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 5 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 7 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 4 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 4 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 5 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 4 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 3 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200010
200110
200200
200300
200410
200510
200600
200731
200810
200911
201032
201110
201241
201300
201410
201531
201652
201740
201850
201972
202040
202141
202251
202321
202441
202521
202630

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Early phase 11 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 11 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 212 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 2/32 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 33 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 47 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable39 studies, 11 as a primary outcome
  • Observational1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100
  • Phase 270 median, 46 to 90
  • Not applicable60 median, 36 to 80
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per schizophrenia and psychosis study that names the Digit Span Test, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Phase 2127046 to 90
Not applicable396036 to 80

When schizophrenia and psychosis trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Digit Span Test are measured within 10 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 6 weeks to 4 months. 15 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day8 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks10 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months25 outcomes, 8 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months14 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months7 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 2 years2 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

66 of the 66 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting12 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Completed37 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown12 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral21 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Drug28 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Device14 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Biological1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Other10 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • None given1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • Taiwan18 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Canada6 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • United States6 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Hong Kong5 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • South Korea4 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • France3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Norway3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Brazil2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Denmark2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Germany2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Israel2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Netherlands2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

27 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 5 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed schizophrenia and psychosis studies that name the Digit Span Test: 20 of 37, 54%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed schizophrenia and psychosis studies that name the Digit Span Test and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted schizophrenia and psychosis studies that name the Digit Span TestEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper3, 8%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only5, 14%1,139, 14%
A results paper only12, 32%1,711, 22%
Neither17, 46%4,327, 54%

The 66 studies

Filter by phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
ConditionSchizophrenia and psychosis
TestThe Digit Span Test

66 studies match. 15 name the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome. Median size 60 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 10 weeks.

Loading 66 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
024682000: 1 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20002001: 1 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2004: 1 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2005: 1 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2007: 3 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2008: 1 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2010: 3 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20102011: 1 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2012: 4 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2013: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2014: 1 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2015: 3 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20152016: 5 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2017: 4 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2018: 5 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2019: 7 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2020: 4 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20202021: 4 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2022: 5 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2023: 2 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2024: 4 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2025: 2 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20252026: 3 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200010
200110
200200
200300
200410
200510
200600
200731
200810
200911
201032
201110
201241
201300
201410
201531
201652
201740
201850
201972
202040
202141
202251
202321
202441
202521
202630

Library tests named most

  • Digit Span Test66 studies, 15 as a primary outcome
  • Trail Making Test27 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Learning23 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Fluency19 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Coding18 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)17 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Continuous Performance Test15 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Category Fluency13 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Stroop Color-Word Test13 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Tower Planning8 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

Conditions

  • Schizophrenia and psychosis66 studies, 15 as a primary outcome
  • Depression and bipolar disorder4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Aging, frailty and exercise2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Substance use and addiction2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Dementia and Alzheimer's1 study, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Delirium, surgery and intensive care1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 4, other 62. Interventional 65, observational 1.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeThe Digit Span Test

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07747181Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants135Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary13 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary13 weeks
  • Short Story RecallSecondary13 weeks
  • Cancellation TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Delayed Recall ModuleSecondary13 weeks
NCT07745140Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants66Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondary6 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 weeks
  • Rapid Visual Information ProcessingSecondary6 weeks
NCT07633899Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants32Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondarysame day
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondarysame day
  • Digit Span TestSecondarysame day
  • Cancellation TestSecondarysame day
NCT07485751Start2026PhaseEarly phase 1ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants15Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
NCT07404085Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants160Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary8 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary8 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Tower PlanningPrimary8 weeks
  • Rapid Visual Information ProcessingPrimary8 weeks
  • Emoji Emotion RecognitionPrimary8 weeks
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskPrimary8 weeks
  • Spatial Working MemoryPrimary8 weeks
  • One-Touch Tower PlanningPrimary8 weeks
NCT07122895Start2025PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary12 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary12 weeks
NCT07091344Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary6 months
  • Digit Span TestPrimary6 months
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Primary6 months
  • Vocabulary TestWording unclear
  • Indirect Hints TaskPrimary6 months
NCT06643871Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary15 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary15 weeks
  • Verbal LearningSecondary15 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary15 weeks
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestSecondary15 weeks
  • Symbol Scan TaskSecondary15 weeks
NCT06574360Start2024PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary8 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary8 weeks
NCT06426134Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants28Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondarysame day
  • Digit Span TestSecondarysame day
  • Oddball Target DetectionSecondarysame day
NCT06038955Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants62Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Trail Making TestOther outcome13 weeks
  • Verbal LearningSecondary13 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyOther outcome13 weeks
  • Digit Span TestOther outcome13 weeks
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Other outcome13 weeks
  • Rapid Visual Information ProcessingOther outcome13 weeks
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskOther outcome13 weeks
  • Spatial Working MemoryOther outcome13 weeks
NCT06021197Start2023PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary12 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Category FluencyPrimary12 weeks
NCT05796401Start2023PhasePhase 3ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants500Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary8 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary8 months
  • Finger Tapping TaskSecondary8 months
NCT05582980Start2020PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary2 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary2 weeks
  • Verbal FluencySecondary1 week
  • Digit Span TestSecondary2 weeks
  • N-Back TaskSecondary2 weeks
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Secondary2 weeks
  • Tower PlanningSecondary2 weeks
  • Finger Tapping TaskSecondary2 weeks
NCT05341804Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants84Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary12 weeks
NCT05240976Start2022PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants80Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary12 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Category FluencyPrimary12 weeks
NCT05100888Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants76Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Secondary4 weeks
  • Social Slips Stories TaskSecondary4 weeks
NCT05052853Start2021PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants48Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary12 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary12 weeks
NCT04959201Start2020PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary12 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary12 weeks
NCT04917302Start2020PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary12 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary12 weeks
NCT04870996Start2019PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants44Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary4 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary4 weeks
  • Paired Associate LearningPrimary4 weeks
  • Rapid Visual Information ProcessingPrimary4 weeks
NCT04773171Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants72Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary6 weeks
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Primary6 weeks
NCT04745143Start2018PhasePhase 2ConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants80Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary6 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary6 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary6 weeks
NCT04605393Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Substance use and addictionParticipants36Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimarysame day
  • Digit Span TestSecondarysame day
  • Advice Taking TaskSecondarysame day
NCT04545294Start2019PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosisParticipants36Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary2 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary2 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary2 weeks
  • N-Back TaskSecondary5 weeks
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Secondary2 weeks
  • Tower PlanningSecondary2 weeks
  • Finger Tapping TaskSecondary2 weeks

Page 1 of 3

Questions, answered from the data

How many schizophrenia and psychosis trials use the Digit Span Test?

66 registered schizophrenia and psychosis studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 15 of them in a primary outcome: 10% of the condition's 640 studies with a cognitive outcome, against 10% of all of them. It is the 6th most named test in schizophrenia and psychosis trials.

Which tests do schizophrenia and psychosis trials use with the Digit Span Test?

The Trail Making Test (27 studies), Verbal Learning (23 studies) and Verbal Fluency (19 studies).

How many participants do phase 2 schizophrenia and psychosis trials that use the Digit Span Test enroll?

Half of the phase 2 studies that name it enroll 70 participants or fewer, and the middle half enroll 46 to 90. 12 of them give a size.

When do schizophrenia and psychosis trials measure the Digit Span Test?

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Digit Span Test are measured within 10 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 6 weeks to 4 months. 15 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed schizophrenia and psychosis trials that use the Digit Span Test have reported results?

20 of the 37 completed studies that name it, 54%, have reported results: 8 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 15 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 3 did both. The other 17 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on the Digit Span Test and schizophrenia and psychosis

  • Every cognitive test in schizophrenia and psychosis trials: 640 studies
  • The Digit Span Test in all clinical trials: 1,629 studies

The Digit Span Test in other conditions

  • Dementia and Alzheimer's181
  • Mild cognitive impairment169
  • Depression and bipolar disorder143
  • Aging, frailty and exercise129
  • Cancer107
  • Stroke100
  • Brain injury and concussion98
  • Parkinson's disease86
  • Anxiety, PTSD and OCD72
  • Healthy volunteers64
  • Obesity and diabetes64
  • Sleep and sleep disorders63
  • Pain and fatigue61
  • Cognitive impairment and decline60
  • Cardiovascular disease59
  • ADHD58

Other tests in schizophrenia and psychosis trials

  • Verbal Learning112
  • Verbal Fluency107
  • Trail Making Test102
  • Continuous Performance Test78
  • N-Back Task66
  • Emoji Emotion Recognition52
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)50

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

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