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  1. Home
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  5. /Brain injury and concussion
  6. /Digit Span Test

Clinical trials data

Digit Span Test in brain injury and concussion trials: 98 registered studies

Every registered brain injury and concussion study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names the Digit Span Test in an outcome measure: how often it is a primary outcome, the tests named with it, how large the studies are and when they measure it.

Registered brain injury and concussion studies name it in an outcome measure
98
Name it in a primary outcome, 41%
40 of 98
Of the condition's 444 studies name it, against 10% of all registered studies
22%
Other conditions
Median participants per study
50
By phase
Try the Digit Span Test

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that brain injury and concussion studies naming the Digit Span Test name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    Verbal Learning43 studies, 25 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Trail Making Test39 studies, 14 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Verbal Fluency34 studies, 18 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Stroop Color-Word Test23 studies, 13 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Continuous Performance Test19 studies, 13 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Symbol Coding19 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    Category Fluency13 studies, 8 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Symbol Scan Task11 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Paced Visual Serial Addition Test10 studies, 9 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Complex Figure Copy and Recall10 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Studies by start year

Each study counted once. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 3 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 6 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 7 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 5 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 4 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 11 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 4 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 7 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 7 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 8 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 6 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 7 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 7 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200321
200400
200500
200600
200722
200800
200932
201031
201131
201211
201364
201422
201573
201631
201750
201842
2019114
202040
202173
202271
202383
202464
202572
202673

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Phase 1/21 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 28 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 35 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 43 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable69 studies, 26 as a primary outcome
  • Observational12 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100200
  • Not applicable50 median, 23 to 100
  • Observational102 median, 55 to 199
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per brain injury and concussion study that names the Digit Span Test, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Not applicable665023 to 100
Observational1210255 to 199

When brain injury and concussion trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Digit Span Test are measured within 10 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 3 weeks to 13 weeks. 37 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day9 outcomes, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks15 outcomes, 10 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months34 outcomes, 14 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months18 outcomes, 6 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months10 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 2 years4 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given8 outcomes, 3 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

90 of the 98 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting24 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Completed42 studies, 15 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early11 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown17 studies, 9 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral33 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
  • Drug16 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Device25 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Procedure4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Diagnostic test3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Biological1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Combination product1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Other23 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
  • None given4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States55 studies, 20 as a primary outcome
  • Spain5 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Canada4 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • France3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Israel3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Italy3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Netherlands3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Norway3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Sweden3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Brazil2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • China2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • South Korea2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

21 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 3 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed brain injury and concussion studies that name the Digit Span Test: 15 of 42, 36%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed brain injury and concussion studies that name the Digit Span Test and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted brain injury and concussion studies that name the Digit Span TestEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper3, 7%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only7, 17%1,139, 14%
A results paper only5, 12%1,711, 22%
Neither27, 64%4,327, 54%

The 98 studies

Filter by phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
ConditionBrain injury and concussion
TestThe Digit Span Test

98 studies match. 40 name the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome. Median size 50 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 10 weeks.

Loading 98 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
0510152000: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2003: 2 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2007: 2 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2009: 3 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2010: 3 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20102011: 3 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2012: 1 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2013: 6 studies, 4 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2014: 2 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2015: 7 studies, 3 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20152016: 3 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2017: 5 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2018: 4 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2019: 11 studies, 4 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2020: 4 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20202021: 7 studies, 3 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2022: 7 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2023: 8 studies, 3 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2024: 6 studies, 4 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2025: 7 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20252026: 7 studies, 3 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200321
200400
200500
200600
200722
200800
200932
201031
201131
201211
201364
201422
201573
201631
201750
201842
2019114
202040
202173
202271
202383
202464
202572
202673

Library tests named most

  • Digit Span Test98 studies, 40 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Learning43 studies, 25 as a primary outcome
  • Trail Making Test39 studies, 14 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Fluency34 studies, 18 as a primary outcome
  • Stroop Color-Word Test23 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
  • Continuous Performance Test19 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Coding19 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Category Fluency13 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Scan Task11 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition Test10 studies, 9 as a primary outcome

Conditions

  • Brain injury and concussion98 studies, 40 as a primary outcome
  • Stroke15 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Anxiety, PTSD and OCD11 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • ADHD5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Mild cognitive impairment2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Pain and fatigue2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Depression and bipolar disorder1 study, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Cancer1 study, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Healthy volunteers1 study, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Substance use and addiction1 study, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Epilepsy1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 6, NIH 2, other 90. Interventional 86, observational 12.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeThe Digit Span Test

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07817316Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussionParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary3 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary3 weeks
  • Oddball Target DetectionPrimary3 weeks
NCT07586566Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussionParticipants15Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary3 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary3 weeks
  • Cancellation TestPrimary3 weeks
NCT07448103Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussion, CancerParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary13 weeks
NCT07429526Start2013PhaseNot applicableConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussion, Pain and fatigueParticipants12Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary13 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary13 weeks
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition TestPrimary13 weeks
NCT07413562Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Verbal LearningSecondary13 weeks
  • Verbal FluencySecondary13 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary13 weeks
  • Picture Naming TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallSecondary13 weeks
NCT07345481Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussionParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondarysame day
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondarysame day
  • Verbal LearningSecondarysame day
  • Digit Span TestSecondarysame day
  • Task Switching TestSecondarysame day
  • Serial Reaction TimeSecondarysame day
NCT07119827Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussionParticipants250Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Verbal LearningSecondary13 weeks
  • Verbal FluencySecondary18 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Category FluencySecondary18 months
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallSecondary13 weeks
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Design Fluency TestSecondary13 weeks
NCT07055633Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussion, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants144Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary10 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary10 weeks
NCT07025317Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants200Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary
  • Verbal LearningPrimary
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary
  • Digit Span TestPrimary
  • Symbol CodingPrimary
NCT06989970Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants20Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary
  • Verbal FluencyOther outcome
  • Digit Span TestSecondary
  • N-Back TaskPrimary
  • Picture Naming TestOther outcome
  • Task Switching TestPrimary
  • Attention Network TestPrimary
  • Simon TaskSecondary
  • Self-Ordered Pointing TaskPrimary
NCT06920784Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants50Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary2 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary2 weeks
  • Verbal FluencySecondary2 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary2 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary2 weeks
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestSecondary2 weeks
NCT06863025Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary3 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary3 weeks
  • Cancellation TestPrimary3 weeks
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestPrimary3 weeks
  • Oddball Target DetectionPrimary3 weeks
NCT06848140Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants24Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary9 weeks
  • Verbal LearningPrimary9 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary9 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary9 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary9 weeks
  • Go/No-Go TaskSecondary9 weeks
  • Category FluencyPrimary9 weeks
  • Picture Naming TestPrimary9 weeks
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallSecondary9 weeks
NCT06840808Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants14Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary9 weeks
  • Verbal LearningPrimary9 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary9 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary9 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary9 weeks
  • Go/No-Go TaskSecondary9 weeks
  • Category FluencyPrimary9 weeks
  • Picture Naming TestPrimary9 weeks
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallSecondary9 weeks
NCT06774287Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussionParticipants6Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary13 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary13 weeks
NCT06749197Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussion, ADHDParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary12 weeks
NCT06562127Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary8 months
  • Verbal LearningPrimary8 months
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary8 months
  • Digit Span TestPrimary8 months
NCT06473987Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants135Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary10 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary10 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary10 weeks
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition TestPrimary10 weeks
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskPrimary10 weeks
NCT06228872Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants38Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary4 weeks
NCT06099210Start2023PhaseObservationalConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants100Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary2 days
  • Digit Span TestPrimary2 days
NCT05837676Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants134Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary6 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
NCT05756296Start2023PhaseObservationalConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants198Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimarysame day
  • Verbal FluencyPrimarysame day
  • Digit Span TestPrimarysame day
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimarysame day
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallPrimarysame day
NCT05719844Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary
  • Go/No-Go TaskPrimary
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary
  • Symbol Scan TaskSecondary
NCT05682677Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussion, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants72Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Verbal LearningSecondary8 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary8 weeks
NCT05632627Start2023PhasePhase 2ConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants43Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskPrimary12 weeks
  • Symbol Scan TaskPrimary12 weeks

Page 1 of 4

Questions, answered from the data

How many brain injury and concussion trials use the Digit Span Test?

98 registered brain injury and concussion studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 40 of them in a primary outcome: 22% of the condition's 444 studies with a cognitive outcome, against 10% of all of them. It is the 3rd most named test in brain injury and concussion trials.

Which tests do brain injury and concussion trials use with the Digit Span Test?

Verbal Learning (43 studies), the Trail Making Test (39 studies) and Verbal Fluency (34 studies).

When do brain injury and concussion trials measure the Digit Span Test?

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Digit Span Test are measured within 10 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 3 weeks to 13 weeks. 37 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed brain injury and concussion trials that use the Digit Span Test have reported results?

15 of the 42 completed studies that name it, 36%, have reported results: 10 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 8 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 3 did both. The other 27 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on the Digit Span Test and brain injury and concussion

  • Every cognitive test in brain injury and concussion trials: 444 studies
  • The Digit Span Test in all clinical trials: 1,629 studies

The Digit Span Test in other conditions

  • Dementia and Alzheimer's181
  • Mild cognitive impairment169
  • Depression and bipolar disorder143
  • Aging, frailty and exercise129
  • Cancer107
  • Stroke100
  • Parkinson's disease86
  • Anxiety, PTSD and OCD72
  • Schizophrenia and psychosis66
  • Healthy volunteers64
  • Obesity and diabetes64
  • Sleep and sleep disorders63
  • Pain and fatigue61
  • Cognitive impairment and decline60
  • Cardiovascular disease59
  • ADHD58

Other tests in brain injury and concussion trials

  • Trail Making Test115
  • Verbal Learning111
  • Verbal Fluency86
  • Stroop Color-Word Test59

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

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