Clinical trials data
Stroop Color-Word Test in brain injury and concussion trials: 59 registered studies
Every registered brain injury and concussion study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names the Stroop Color-Word Test in an outcome measure: how often it is a primary outcome, the tests named with it, how large the studies are and when they measure it.
- Registered brain injury and concussion studies name it in an outcome measure
- 59
- Name it in a primary outcome, 49%
- 29 of 59
Tests named in the same studies
- 1
Trail Making Test26 studies, 15 as a primary outcome
- 2
Digit Span Test23 studies, 12 as a primary outcome
- 3
Verbal Fluency22 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
- 4
Verbal Learning22 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
- 5
Continuous Performance Test9 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
- 6
Symbol Coding8 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
- 7
Card Sorting Test (Berg)7 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
- 8
Category Fluency7 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- 9
Task Switching Test6 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- 10
Paced Visual Serial Addition Test5 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes
Studies by start year
A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes
Show as a table
| Start year | Studies | A test as a primary outcome |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0 | 0 |
| 2001 | 0 | 0 |
| 2002 | 0 | 0 |
| 2003 | 0 | 0 |
| 2004 | 0 | 0 |
| 2005 | 0 | 0 |
| 2006 | 0 | 0 |
| 2007 | 1 | 1 |
| 2008 | 1 | 1 |
| 2009 | 1 | 1 |
| 2010 | 2 | 2 |
| 2011 | 1 | 1 |
| 2012 | 2 | 2 |
| 2013 | 3 | 2 |
| 2014 | 6 | 3 |
| 2015 | 4 | 2 |
| 2016 | 2 | 1 |
| 2017 | 4 | 0 |
| 2018 | 4 | 3 |
| 2019 | 3 | 1 |
| 2020 | 4 | 2 |
| 2021 | 3 | 2 |
| 2022 | 2 | 1 |
| 2023 | 4 | 1 |
| 2024 | 4 | 0 |
| 2025 | 4 | 2 |
| 2026 | 4 | 1 |
Phases and study sizes
By phase
- Early phase 11 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Phase 11 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Phase 24 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- Phase 2/31 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Phase 32 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Phase 41 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Not applicable41 studies, 21 as a primary outcome
- Observational8 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
Participants per study
- Not applicable33 median, 24 to 63
Show as a table
| Phase | Studies with a size | Median | Middle half |
|---|---|---|---|
| Not applicable | 40 | 33 | 24 to 63 |
When brain injury and concussion trials measure it
Latest time point of each outcome
- Within a day7 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
- Up to 4 weeks13 outcomes, 8 as a primary outcome
- 1 to 3 months26 outcomes, 14 as a primary outcome
- 3 to 6 months6 outcomes, 3 as a primary outcome
- 6 to 12 months3 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
- 1 to 2 years1 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
- No duration given3 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes
56 of the 59 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.
Status, results, interventions and countries
Status
- Recruiting11 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- Not yet recruiting3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- Active, not recruiting1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Completed28 studies, 15 as a primary outcome
- Stopped early6 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
- Status unknown10 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
What they test
- Behavioral18 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
- Drug10 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
- Device21 studies, 12 as a primary outcome
- Dietary supplement1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Procedure3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- Diagnostic test3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Combination product1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Other10 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
- None given2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.
Where their sites are
- United States29 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
- Spain4 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
- Brazil3 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
- Canada3 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
- Italy3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Netherlands2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- South Korea2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Taiwan2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- Belgium1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- China1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Denmark1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Germany1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
15 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 4 list no site.
Reported results
Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.
Completed brain injury and concussion studies that name the Stroop Color-Word Test: 12 of 28, 43%
Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%
| Results | Completed brain injury and concussion studies that name the Stroop Color-Word Test | Every completed study |
|---|---|---|
| Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper | 2, 7% | 776, 10% |
| Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only | 6, 21% | 1,139, 14% |
| A results paper only | 4, 14% | 1,711, 22% |
| Neither | 16, 57% | 4,327, 54% |
The 59 studies
59 studies match. 29 name the Stroop Color-Word Test in a primary outcome. Median size 40 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 8 weeks.
Loading 59 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.
2026 is partly planned starts.
Show as a table
| Start year | Studies | As a primary outcome |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0 | 0 |
| 2001 | 0 | 0 |
| 2002 | 0 | 0 |
| 2003 | 0 | 0 |
| 2004 | 0 | 0 |
| 2005 | 0 | 0 |
| 2006 | 0 | 0 |
| 2007 | 1 | 1 |
| 2008 | 1 | 1 |
| 2009 | 1 | 1 |
| 2010 | 2 | 2 |
| 2011 | 1 | 1 |
| 2012 | 2 | 2 |
| 2013 | 3 | 2 |
| 2014 | 6 | 3 |
| 2015 | 4 | 2 |
| 2016 | 2 | 1 |
| 2017 | 4 | 0 |
| 2018 | 4 | 3 |
| 2019 | 3 | 1 |
| 2020 | 4 | 2 |
| 2021 | 3 | 2 |
| 2022 | 2 | 1 |
| 2023 | 4 | 1 |
| 2024 | 4 | 0 |
| 2025 | 4 | 2 |
| 2026 | 4 | 1 |
Library tests named most
Conditions
Phases
Participants
Lead sponsor: industry 2, NIH 2, other 55. Interventional 51, observational 8.
As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeThe Stroop Color-Word Test
The studies, newest registration first
Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
| Study | Start | Phase | Conditions | Participants | Lead sponsor | Status | Library tests named, with the latest time point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT07642739 | Start2026 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants24 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07413562 | Start2025 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants30 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07345481 | Start2026 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussion | Participants40 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07303933 | Start2026 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants32 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07119827 | Start2025 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussion | Participants250 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06956404 | Start2025 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants70 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06920784 | Start2024 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants50 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06897553 | Start2024 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion, Depression and bipolar disorder, COVID-19 and long COVID, Anxiety, PTSD and OCD | Participants44 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06749197 | Start2025 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussion, ADHD | Participants30 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06665633 | Start2021 | PhasePhase 1 | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion, Depression and bipolar disorder | Participants40 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT06604000 | Start2023 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants116 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06208813 | Start2024 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants20 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT05900778 | Start2023 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants40 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT05889117 | Start2023 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants15 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusActive, not recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT05756296 | Start2023 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants198 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT05671692 | Start2024 | PhasePhase 2 | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants108 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusStopped early | Library tests named
|
| NCT05399043 | Start2021 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion, Parkinson's disease | Participants84 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT05302362 | Start2022 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion, ADHD | Participants12 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT04841876 | Start2022 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants30 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusStatus unknown | Library tests named
|
| NCT04730167 | Start2021 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants12 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT04590911 | Start2012 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion, Aging, frailty and exercise | Participants42 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT04553848 | Start2020 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants31 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT04504630 | Start2020 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Brain injury and concussion | Participants26 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT04230577 | Start2019 | PhaseEarly phase 1 | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion, Anxiety, PTSD and OCD | Participants20 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusStatus unknown | Library tests named
|
| NCT04214314 | Start2019 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsBrain injury and concussion | Participants46 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusStatus unknown | Library tests named
|
Questions, answered from the data
How many brain injury and concussion trials use the Stroop Color-Word Test?
59 registered brain injury and concussion studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 29 of them in a primary outcome: 13% of the condition's 444 studies with a cognitive outcome, against 12% of all of them. It is the 5th most named test in brain injury and concussion trials.
Which tests do brain injury and concussion trials use with the Stroop Color-Word Test?
The Trail Making Test (26 studies), the Digit Span Test (23 studies) and Verbal Fluency (22 studies).
When do brain injury and concussion trials measure the Stroop Color-Word Test?
Half of the primary outcomes that name the Stroop Color-Word Test are measured within 8 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 3 weeks to 13 weeks. 27 primary outcomes give a duration.
How many completed brain injury and concussion trials that use the Stroop Color-Word Test have reported results?
12 of the 28 completed studies that name it, 43%, have reported results: 8 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 6 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 2 did both. The other 16 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.
How the studies are counted
For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.
The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.
A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.
A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.
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