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  6. /Digit Span Test

Clinical trials data

Digit Span Test in healthy volunteer trials: 64 registered studies

Every registered healthy volunteers study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names the Digit Span Test in an outcome measure: how often it is a primary outcome, the tests named with it, how large the studies are and when they measure it.

Registered healthy volunteers studies name it in an outcome measure
64
Name it in a primary outcome, 48%
31 of 64
Of the condition's 656 studies name it, against 10% of all registered studies
10%
Other conditions
Median participants per study
90
By phase
Try the Digit Span Test

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that healthy volunteers studies naming the Digit Span Test name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    Stroop Color-Word Test20 studies, 11 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Trail Making Test19 studies, 11 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Verbal Fluency11 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Card Sorting Test (Berg)10 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Verbal Learning10 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Matrix Reasoning8 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    Task Switching Test6 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Symbol Coding6 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Go/No-Go Task5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    N-Back Task5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Studies by start year

Each study counted once. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 3 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 5 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 5 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 4 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 6 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 4 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 6 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 8 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 7 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200311
200400
200500
200600
200700
200800
200900
201022
201110
201222
201332
201422
201551
201651
201742
201810
201963
202010
202111
202242
202362
202431
202584
202674

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Phase 12 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 1/21 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 23 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 41 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable49 studies, 22 as a primary outcome
  • Observational8 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100200
  • Not applicable90 median, 44 to 200
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per healthy volunteers study that names the Digit Span Test, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Not applicable499044 to 200

When healthy volunteer trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Digit Span Test are measured within 6 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 1 week to 4 months. 28 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day15 outcomes, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks13 outcomes, 8 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months18 outcomes, 7 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months8 outcomes, 5 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months2 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 2 years2 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Over 2 years1 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given5 outcomes, 3 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

59 of the 64 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting8 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Completed41 studies, 18 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown9 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral22 studies, 11 as a primary outcome
  • Drug9 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Device8 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement9 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Procedure1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Diagnostic test2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Other19 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • None given3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States10 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Taiwan7 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Germany6 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Spain4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Singapore3 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Switzerland3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Türkiye3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • United Kingdom3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • China2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • France2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Hong Kong2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Israel2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

21 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 8 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed healthy volunteers studies that name the Digit Span Test: 16 of 41, 39%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed healthy volunteers studies that name the Digit Span Test and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted healthy volunteers studies that name the Digit Span TestEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper0, 0%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only5, 12%1,139, 14%
A results paper only11, 27%1,711, 22%
Neither25, 61%4,327, 54%

The 64 studies

Filter by phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
ConditionHealthy volunteers
TestThe Digit Span Test

64 studies match. 31 name the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome. Median size 90 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 6 weeks.

Loading 64 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
024682000: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2003: 1 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2007: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2009: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2010: 2 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20102011: 1 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2012: 2 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2013: 3 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2014: 2 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2015: 5 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20152016: 5 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2017: 4 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2018: 1 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2019: 6 studies, 3 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2020: 1 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20202021: 1 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2022: 4 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2023: 6 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2024: 3 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2025: 8 studies, 4 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20252026: 7 studies, 4 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts. Not shown: 1 that started before 2000 and 1 planned to start after 2026.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200311
200400
200500
200600
200700
200800
200900
201022
201110
201222
201332
201422
201551
201651
201742
201810
201963
202010
202111
202242
202362
202431
202584
202674

Library tests named most

  • Digit Span Test64 studies, 31 as a primary outcome
  • Stroop Color-Word Test20 studies, 11 as a primary outcome
  • Trail Making Test19 studies, 11 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Fluency11 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)10 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Learning10 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Matrix Reasoning8 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Task Switching Test6 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Coding6 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Go/No-Go Task5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

Conditions

  • Healthy volunteers64 studies, 31 as a primary outcome
  • Aging, frailty and exercise22 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Mild cognitive impairment10 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Dementia and Alzheimer's6 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Sleep and sleep disorders4 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Anxiety, PTSD and OCD3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Parkinson's disease2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Depression and bipolar disorder2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Pain and fatigue2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Stroke1 study, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Brain injury and concussion1 study, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Substance use and addiction1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 7, other 57. Interventional 56, observational 8.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeThe Digit Span Test

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07841457Start2027PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants20Lead sponsorIndustryStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary4 weeks
NCT07809412Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants20Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary1 week
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary1 week
  • Digit Span TestPrimary1 week
  • Cancellation TestPrimary1 week
  • Line Angle MatchingPrimary1 week
NCT07650006Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary12 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary12 weeks
  • N-Back TaskSecondary12 weeks
NCT07637487Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants220Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary6 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
NCT07623811Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants313Lead sponsorIndustryStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondarysame day
  • Digit Span TestPrimarysame day
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimarysame day
NCT07598409Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Healthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants156Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary13 weeks
NCT07572240Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants72Lead sponsorIndustryStatusActive, not recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary8 weeks
NCT07569120Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsParkinson's disease, Healthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants165Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary2 days
  • Verbal FluencySecondary2 days
  • Digit Span TestSecondary2 days
  • Category FluencySecondary2 days
  • Tower PlanningSecondary2 days
NCT07556250Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants225Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary1 week
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary2 weeks
  • Verbal FluencySecondary1 week
  • Digit Span TestPrimary1 week
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Primary1 week
  • Task Switching TestPrimary1 week
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary2 weeks
  • Delay DiscountingSecondary2 weeks
  • Tower PlanningSecondary1 week
  • Iowa Gambling LiteSecondary1 week
  • Probabilistic Reversal LearningPrimary1 week
  • One-Touch Tower PlanningSecondary1 week
  • Intra/Extra Dimensional Set ShiftPrimary1 week
  • Betting Choice TaskSecondary1 week
  • Alternative Uses TaskSecondary1 week
  • Social Value OrientationSecondary2 weeks
  • Remote Associates TestSecondary1 week
  • Repeated Prisoner's DilemmaSecondary2 weeks
  • Ellsberg Urns TaskSecondary2 weeks
NCT07494149Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants158Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary4 months
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Primary4 months
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestPrimary4 months
NCT07443904Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants297Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary12 weeks
NCT07443189Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants233Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary6 months
  • N-Back TaskPrimary6 months
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary6 months
  • Picture Naming TestPrimary6 months
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskPrimary6 months
  • Task Switching TestPrimary6 months
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Attention Network TestPrimary6 months
  • Posner CueingPrimary6 months
NCT07379164Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Pain and fatigueParticipants80Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondarysame day
NCT07258433Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Sleep and sleep disordersParticipants120Lead sponsorIndustryStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 weeks
NCT07208279Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants16Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary6 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary6 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary6 weeks
NCT07144930Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsStroke, Healthy volunteersParticipants210Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary4 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary4 months
  • Digit Span TestPrimary4 months
  • Task Switching TestPrimary4 months
NCT07132281Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Primary12 weeks
  • Task Switching TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Short Story RecallPrimary12 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimary12 weeks
  • Remote Associates TestPrimary12 weeks
NCT07039708Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Healthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusStopped earlyLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondary9 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary9 weeks
NCT06816667Start2024PhasePhase 1/2ConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, Healthy volunteers, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants40Lead sponsorIndustryStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondary5 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary5 weeks
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition TestSecondary5 weeks
NCT06616285Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants80Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary6 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary6 months
  • Verbal FluencySecondary6 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
  • Symbol CodingSecondary6 months
  • Probabilistic Reversal LearningSecondary6 months
  • Effort Discounting TaskSecondary6 months
NCT06588920Start2024PhaseObservationalConditionsParkinson's disease, Healthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants70Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimarysame day
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimarysame day
  • Digit Span TestPrimarysame day
  • Go/No-Go TaskPrimarysame day
NCT06425679Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary11 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary11 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary11 months
  • Symbol CodingSecondary11 months
  • Clock Drawing TaskSecondary11 months
NCT06412887Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants24Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondarysame day
NCT06240286Start2015PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants44Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary4 days
  • Digit Span TestPrimary4 days
  • Paired Associate LearningPrimary4 days
  • Letter Pair Reasoning TaskPrimary4 days
NCT06090942Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteers, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary6 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Secondary6 months

Page 1 of 3

Questions, answered from the data

How many healthy volunteer trials use the Digit Span Test?

64 registered healthy volunteers studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 31 of them in a primary outcome: 10% of the condition's 656 studies with a cognitive outcome, against 10% of all of them. It is the 3rd most named test in healthy volunteer trials.

Which tests do healthy volunteer trials use with the Digit Span Test?

The Stroop Color-Word Test (20 studies), the Trail Making Test (19 studies) and Verbal Fluency (11 studies).

When do healthy volunteer trials measure the Digit Span Test?

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Digit Span Test are measured within 6 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 1 week to 4 months. 28 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed healthy volunteer trials that use the Digit Span Test have reported results?

16 of the 41 completed studies that name it, 39%, have reported results: 5 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 11 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 0 did both. The other 25 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on the Digit Span Test and healthy volunteers

  • Every cognitive test in healthy volunteer trials: 656 studies
  • The Digit Span Test in all clinical trials: 1,629 studies

The Digit Span Test in other conditions

  • Dementia and Alzheimer's181
  • Mild cognitive impairment169
  • Depression and bipolar disorder143
  • Aging, frailty and exercise129
  • Cancer107
  • Stroke100
  • Brain injury and concussion98
  • Parkinson's disease86
  • Anxiety, PTSD and OCD72
  • Schizophrenia and psychosis66
  • Obesity and diabetes64
  • Sleep and sleep disorders63
  • Pain and fatigue61
  • Cognitive impairment and decline60
  • Cardiovascular disease59
  • ADHD58

Other tests in healthy volunteer trials

  • Stroop Color-Word Test98
  • Trail Making Test68
  • Symbol Coding56
  • Verbal Learning56
  • N-Back Task51

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

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