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  1. Home
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  5. /Obesity and diabetes
  6. /Digit Span Test

Clinical trials data

Digit Span Test in obesity and diabetes trials: 64 registered studies

Every registered obesity and diabetes study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names the Digit Span Test in an outcome measure: how often it is a primary outcome, the tests named with it, how large the studies are and when they measure it.

Registered obesity and diabetes studies name it in an outcome measure
64
Name it in a primary outcome, 41%
26 of 64
Of the condition's 627 studies name it, against 10% of all registered studies
10%
Other conditions
Median participants per study
76
By phase
Try the Digit Span Test

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that obesity and diabetes studies naming the Digit Span Test name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    Verbal Learning30 studies, 15 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Trail Making Test25 studies, 13 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Verbal Fluency18 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Symbol Coding17 studies, 11 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Stroop Color-Word Test17 studies, 8 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Category Fluency13 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    Short Story Recall9 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Matrix Reasoning8 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Letter-Number Sequencing Task6 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Go/No-Go Task6 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Studies by start year

Each study counted once. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 3 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 4 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 6 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 4 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 4 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 11 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 4 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 5 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 4 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 7 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200400
200511
200600
200700
200800
200911
201021
201100
201200
201321
201430
201541
201611
201710
201865
201941
202031
202140
2022114
202342
202452
202542
202672

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Phase 14 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 23 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 33 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 44 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable38 studies, 14 as a primary outcome
  • Observational12 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100200500
  • Not applicable53 median, 39 to 87
  • Observational150 median, 92 to 517
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per obesity and diabetes study that names the Digit Span Test, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Not applicable385339 to 87
Observational1215092 to 517

When obesity and diabetes trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Digit Span Test are measured within 7 weeks of the start, and the middle half from the first day to 4 months. 24 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day16 outcomes, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks6 outcomes, 3 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months16 outcomes, 7 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months12 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months5 outcomes, 3 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 2 years1 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Over 2 years3 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given5 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

59 of the 64 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting11 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Completed39 studies, 17 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral16 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Drug11 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Device5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement8 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Procedure2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Combination product1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Other23 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
  • None given7 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States29 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
  • Canada7 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • China4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Spain4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • United Kingdom3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Denmark2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Germany2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Netherlands2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Australia1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Chile1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Greece1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Hong Kong1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

20 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 3 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed obesity and diabetes studies that name the Digit Span Test: 23 of 39, 59%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed obesity and diabetes studies that name the Digit Span Test and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted obesity and diabetes studies that name the Digit Span TestEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper3, 8%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only8, 21%1,139, 14%
A results paper only12, 31%1,711, 22%
Neither16, 41%4,327, 54%

The 64 studies

Filter by phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
ConditionObesity and diabetes
TestThe Digit Span Test

64 studies match. 26 name the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome. Median size 76 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 7 weeks.

Loading 64 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
0510152000: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2005: 1 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2007: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2010: 2 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20102011: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2012: 0 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2013: 2 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2014: 3 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2015: 4 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20152016: 1 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2017: 1 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2018: 6 studies, 5 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2019: 4 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2020: 3 studies, 1 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20202021: 4 studies, 0 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2022: 11 studies, 4 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2023: 4 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2024: 5 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome2025: 4 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome20252026: 7 studies, 2 naming the Digit Span Test in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts. Not shown: 1 planned to start after 2026.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200400
200511
200600
200700
200800
200911
201021
201100
201200
201321
201430
201541
201611
201710
201865
201941
202031
202140
2022114
202342
202452
202542
202672

Library tests named most

  • Digit Span Test64 studies, 26 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Learning30 studies, 15 as a primary outcome
  • Trail Making Test25 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Fluency18 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Coding17 studies, 11 as a primary outcome
  • Stroop Color-Word Test17 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Category Fluency13 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Short Story Recall9 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Matrix Reasoning8 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Letter-Number Sequencing Task6 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

Largest condition groups

  • Obesity and diabetes64 studies, 26 as a primary outcome
  • Cardiovascular disease7 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Aging, frailty and exercise6 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Dementia and Alzheimer's4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Mild cognitive impairment4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Depression and bipolar disorder3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Anxiety, PTSD and OCD2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Stroke1 study, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Parkinson's disease1 study, 0 as a primary outcome
  • ADHD1 study, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Cancer1 study, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Sleep and sleep disorders1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 2, other 62. Interventional 52, observational 12.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeThe Digit Span Test

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07862452Start2027PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetes, Cardiovascular diseaseParticipants400Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary4 weeks
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimary4 weeks
  • Delay DiscountingPrimary4 weeks
NCT07704229Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants150Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary3 years
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary3 years
  • Verbal LearningSecondary3 years
  • Digit Span TestSecondary3 years
  • Symbol CodingSecondary3 years
NCT07694596Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants200Lead sponsorOtherStatusActive, not recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary12 months
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary12 months
  • Digit Span TestPrimary12 months
  • Symbol CodingPrimary12 months
  • Category FluencyPrimary12 months
NCT07650318Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Obesity and diabetesParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
  • Category FluencySecondary6 months
  • Picture Naming TestSecondary6 months
  • Short Story RecallSecondary6 months
  • Delayed Recall ModuleSecondary6 months
NCT07642518Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Obesity and diabetesParticipants38Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary6 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary6 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
  • Category FluencySecondary6 months
  • Picture Naming TestSecondary6 months
  • Short Story RecallSecondary6 months
NCT07592546Start2026PhasePhase 4ConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants240Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary
  • Delay DiscountingSecondary
  • Line Angle MatchingSecondary
NCT07485062Start2026PhasePhase 4ConditionsAging, frailty and exercise, Obesity and diabetesParticipants164Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary7 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary7 months
  • Verbal LearningSecondary7 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary7 months
  • Symbol CodingSecondary7 months
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskSecondary7 months
NCT07420699Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimarysame day
  • Digit Span TestPrimarysame day
  • Symbol CodingPrimarysame day
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestPrimarysame day
NCT07374705Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants150Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary
  • Verbal LearningPrimary
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary
  • Digit Span TestPrimary
  • Symbol CodingPrimary
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskPrimary
NCT07164768Start2024PhaseObservationalConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants400Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary3 years
  • Verbal LearningPrimary3 years
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary3 years
  • Digit Span TestPrimary3 years
  • Category FluencyPrimary3 years
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Primary3 years
  • Matrix ReasoningPrimary3 years
  • Cancellation TestPrimary3 years
  • Simple Reaction TimePrimary3 years
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskPrimary3 years
  • Finger Tapping TaskPrimary3 years
  • Symbol Scan TaskPrimary3 years
  • Token Commands TaskPrimary3 years
NCT07040748Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants84Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary6 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary6 months
  • Verbal LearningPrimary6 months
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary6 months
  • Digit Span TestPrimary6 months
  • Symbol CodingPrimary6 months
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary6 months
  • Category FluencyPrimary6 months
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Primary6 months
  • Short Story RecallPrimary6 months
NCT06931730Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants240Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary5 months
  • N-Back TaskSecondary5 months
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary5 months
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondary
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestSecondary5 months
NCT06912321Start2024PhaseObservationalConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants400Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary6 years
  • Verbal LearningPrimarysame day
  • Digit Span TestPrimarysame day
  • Symbol CodingPrimarysame day
  • Category FluencyPrimarysame day
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallPrimarysame day
NCT06867198Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetes, Cardiovascular diseaseParticipants72Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary6 months
  • Verbal FluencySecondary6 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
  • Vocabulary TestSecondary6 months
  • Face-name Memory TaskSecondary6 months
NCT06857994Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsObesity and diabetes, Cardiovascular diseaseParticipants101Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary
  • Verbal LearningPrimary
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary
  • Digit Span TestPrimary
  • Symbol CodingPrimary
  • N-Back TaskSecondary
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskPrimary
NCT06735651Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary6 weeks
  • Verbal FluencySecondary6 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 weeks
  • Vocabulary TestSecondarysame day
  • Face-name Memory TaskSecondary6 months
NCT06735599Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetes, Cardiovascular diseaseParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary8 weeks
  • Verbal FluencySecondary8 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Face-name Memory TaskSecondary8 weeks
NCT06649981Start2025PhasePhase 1ConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants80Lead sponsorOtherStatusActive, not recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary5 months
  • Verbal FluencySecondary5 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary5 months
NCT05997316Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Obesity and diabetesParticipants33Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Results

Library tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Verbal LearningPrimary12 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary12 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary12 weeks
  • Category FluencyPrimary12 weeks
NCT05865912Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants52Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Go/No-Go TaskSecondary8 weeks
NCT05794009Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsAging, frailty and exercise, Obesity and diabetesParticipants124Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondarysame day
  • Symbol CodingSecondarysame day
NCT05709847Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants70Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary8 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondarysame day
  • Symbol CodingSecondary8 weeks
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestSecondary8 weeks
NCT05658354Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants50Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary12 months
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary12 months
  • Digit Span TestPrimary12 months
  • N-Back TaskPrimary12 months
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary12 months
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskPrimary12 months
NCT05651243Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants20Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimarysame day
  • Digit Span TestPrimarysame day
  • Go/No-Go TaskPrimarysame day
  • Task Switching TestPrimarysame day
NCT05586386Start2020PhasePhase 1ConditionsObesity and diabetesParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestPrimary4 weeks

Page 1 of 3

Questions, answered from the data

How many obesity and diabetes trials use the Digit Span Test?

64 registered obesity and diabetes studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 26 of them in a primary outcome: 10% of the condition's 627 studies with a cognitive outcome, against 10% of all of them. It is the 4th most named test in obesity and diabetes trials.

Which tests do obesity and diabetes trials use with the Digit Span Test?

Verbal Learning (30 studies), the Trail Making Test (25 studies) and Verbal Fluency (18 studies).

When do obesity and diabetes trials measure the Digit Span Test?

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Digit Span Test are measured within 7 weeks of the start, and the middle half from the first day to 4 months. 24 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed obesity and diabetes trials that use the Digit Span Test have reported results?

23 of the 39 completed studies that name it, 59%, have reported results: 11 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 15 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 3 did both. The other 16 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on the Digit Span Test and obesity and diabetes

  • Every cognitive test in obesity and diabetes trials: 627 studies
  • The Digit Span Test in all clinical trials: 1,629 studies

The Digit Span Test in other conditions

  • Dementia and Alzheimer's181
  • Mild cognitive impairment169
  • Depression and bipolar disorder143
  • Aging, frailty and exercise129
  • Cancer107
  • Stroke100
  • Brain injury and concussion98
  • Parkinson's disease86
  • Anxiety, PTSD and OCD72
  • Schizophrenia and psychosis66
  • Healthy volunteers64
  • Sleep and sleep disorders63
  • Pain and fatigue61
  • Cognitive impairment and decline60
  • Cardiovascular disease59
  • ADHD58

Other tests in obesity and diabetes trials

  • Stroop Color-Word Test103
  • Trail Making Test102
  • Verbal Learning74
  • Verbal Fluency63
  • Symbol Coding59

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

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