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    16,361Registered studies name a cognitive test in an outcome measure11,688 name a test you can run hereExplore the studies
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  1. Home
  2. /Data
  3. /Clinical trials
  4. /Conditions
  5. /Depression and bipolar disorder
  6. /Trail Making Test

Clinical trials data

Trail Making Test in depression and bipolar disorder trials: 204 registered studies

Every registered depression and bipolar disorder study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names the Trail Making Test in an outcome measure: how often it is a primary outcome, the tests named with it, how large the studies are and when they measure it.

Registered depression and bipolar disorder studies name it in an outcome measure
204
Name it in a primary outcome, 25%
52 of 204
Of the condition's 1,247 studies name it, against 14% of all registered studies
16%
Other conditions
Median participants per study
73
By phase
Try Trail Making Test ATry Trail Making Test B

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that depression and bipolar disorder studies naming the Trail Making Test name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    Verbal Learning69 studies, 21 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Symbol Coding67 studies, 25 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Digit Span Test67 studies, 19 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Verbal Fluency57 studies, 18 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Stroop Color-Word Test57 studies, 13 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Card Sorting Test (Berg)21 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    Continuous Performance Test21 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    N-Back Task19 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Category Fluency19 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Choice Reaction Time19 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Studies by start year

Each study counted once. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 4 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 7 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 5 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 4 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 10 studies, 7 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 5 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 15 studies, 6 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 12 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 10 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 14 studies, 6 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 14 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 8 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 27 studies, 6 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 19 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 22 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 12 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200321
200421
200511
200640
200720
200810
200910
201020
201170
201251
201331
201441
2015107
201652
2017156
2018122
2019101
2020146
2021142
202281
2023276
2024195
2025225
2026122

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Early phase 13 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 14 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 1/23 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 225 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 2/33 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 317 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 415 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable109 studies, 27 as a primary outcome
  • Observational25 studies, 15 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100200
  • Phase 264 median, 30 to 100
  • Phase 3152 median, 60 to 266
  • Phase 456 median, 28 to 81
  • Not applicable64 median, 43 to 120
  • Observational121 median, 73 to 153
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per depression and bipolar disorder study that names the Trail Making Test, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Phase 2246430 to 100
Phase 31715260 to 266
Phase 4155628 to 81
Not applicable1076443 to 120
Observational2512173 to 153

When depression and bipolar disorder trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Trail Making Test are measured within 9 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 4 weeks to 13 weeks. 45 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day9 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks52 outcomes, 12 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months77 outcomes, 20 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months27 outcomes, 7 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months13 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 2 years5 outcomes, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Over 2 years3 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given18 outcomes, 7 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

186 of the 204 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting45 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting6 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting6 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Completed95 studies, 31 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early16 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown36 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral47 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
  • Drug65 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Device55 studies, 11 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement10 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Procedure6 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Diagnostic test2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Biological3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Radiation1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Combination product2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Genetic1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Other35 studies, 14 as a primary outcome
  • None given14 studies, 8 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States56 studies, 16 as a primary outcome
  • Canada24 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • China23 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Denmark18 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Germany14 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • France13 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Spain9 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Italy5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Netherlands5 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Switzerland5 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Taiwan5 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Austria4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

42 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 7 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed depression and bipolar disorder studies that name the Trail Making Test: 55 of 95, 58%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed depression and bipolar disorder studies that name the Trail Making Test and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted depression and bipolar disorder studies that name the Trail Making TestEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper12, 13%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only12, 13%1,139, 14%
A results paper only31, 33%1,711, 22%
Neither40, 42%4,327, 54%

The 204 studies

Filter by phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
ConditionDepression and bipolar disorder
TestThe Trail Making Test

204 studies match. 52 name the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome. Median size 73 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 9 weeks.

Loading 204 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
01020302000: 0 studies, 0 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2003: 2 studies, 1 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2004: 2 studies, 1 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2005: 1 studies, 1 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome20052006: 4 studies, 0 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2007: 2 studies, 0 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2008: 1 studies, 0 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 0 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2010: 2 studies, 0 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome20102011: 7 studies, 0 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2012: 5 studies, 1 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2013: 3 studies, 1 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2014: 4 studies, 1 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2015: 10 studies, 7 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome20152016: 5 studies, 2 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2017: 15 studies, 6 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2018: 12 studies, 2 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2019: 10 studies, 1 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2020: 14 studies, 6 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome20202021: 14 studies, 2 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2022: 8 studies, 1 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2023: 27 studies, 6 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2024: 19 studies, 5 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome2025: 22 studies, 5 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome20252026: 12 studies, 2 naming the Trail Making Test in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts. Not shown: 1 that started before 2000 and 1 planned to start after 2026.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200321
200421
200511
200640
200720
200810
200910
201020
201170
201251
201331
201441
2015107
201652
2017156
2018122
2019101
2020146
2021142
202281
2023276
2024195
2025225
2026122

Library tests named most

  • Trail Making Test204 studies, 52 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Learning69 studies, 21 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Coding67 studies, 25 as a primary outcome
  • Digit Span Test67 studies, 19 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Fluency57 studies, 18 as a primary outcome
  • Stroop Color-Word Test57 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)21 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Continuous Performance Test21 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • N-Back Task19 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Category Fluency19 studies, 6 as a primary outcome

Largest condition groups

  • Depression and bipolar disorder204 studies, 52 as a primary outcome
  • Anxiety, PTSD and OCD29 studies, 12 as a primary outcome
  • Cancer11 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Pain and fatigue11 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Schizophrenia and psychosis10 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Sleep and sleep disorders10 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Mild cognitive impairment9 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Dementia and Alzheimer's6 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Aging, frailty and exercise6 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Cardiovascular disease5 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Substance use and addiction4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Stroke3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 15, NIH 1, other 188. Interventional 179, observational 25.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeThe Trail Making Test

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07845409Start2027PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants138Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary10 weeks
  • Go/No-Go TaskPrimary10 weeks
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary10 weeks
  • AX Continuous Performance TestPrimary10 weeks
  • Monetary Incentive DelayPrimary10 weeks
  • Affective Go/No-GoPrimary10 weeks
NCT07780695Start2023PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants45Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary6 weeks
NCT07765355Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary4 weeks
NCT07757997Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants143Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestOther outcome8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingOther outcome8 weeks
  • Choice Reaction TimeOther outcome8 weeks
NCT07755839Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, Cancer, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary6 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary6 months
  • Verbal FluencySecondary6 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
  • Cancellation TestSecondary6 months
NCT07735910Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Depression and bipolar disorder, Sleep and sleep disorders, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary2 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary2 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary2 weeks
NCT07710222Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary13 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary13 weeks
NCT07665840Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, Sleep and sleep disorders, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants67Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary8 weeks
NCT07664852Start2026PhasePhase 3ConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants126Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestOther outcome5 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestOther outcome5 months
  • Verbal LearningOther outcome5 months
  • Verbal FluencyOther outcome5 months
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestOther outcome5 months
  • Monetary Incentive DelayOther outcome6 weeks
NCT07652775Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants45Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary5 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary5 weeks
  • Verbal LearningSecondary5 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary5 weeks
NCT07633626Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, CancerParticipants24Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Verbal LearningPrimary12 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary12 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary12 weeks
  • Symbol Scan TaskPrimary12 weeks
NCT07619092Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants145Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary1 week
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary1 week
  • N-Back TaskSecondary1 week
  • Spatial N-Back TaskSecondary1 week
NCT07608796Start2026PhasePhase 2ConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Task Switching TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Finger Tapping TaskSecondary8 weeks
  • Monetary Incentive DelayPrimary8 weeks
  • Effort for Rewards TaskSecondary8 weeks
NCT07523048Start2025PhasePhase 2ConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary2 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary2 weeks
  • Symbol Scan TaskSecondary2 weeks
  • Implicit Association Test (IAT)Secondary2 weeks
  • Effort for Rewards TaskPrimary2 weeks
  • Effort Discounting TaskSecondary2 weeks
NCT07508215Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Verbal LearningSecondary8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary8 weeks
NCT07462013Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary6 months
  • Digit Span TestPrimary6 months
  • Symbol CodingPrimary6 months
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Primary6 months
NCT07402356Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsDementia and Alzheimer's, Mild cognitive impairment, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants140Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary6 months
  • Verbal LearningSecondary6 months
  • Verbal FluencySecondary6 months
  • N-Back TaskPrimarysame day
  • Category FluencySecondary6 months
  • Picture Naming TestSecondary6 months
NCT07350226Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants86Lead sponsorOtherStatusActive, not recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Verbal LearningPrimary8 weeks
  • Verbal FluencySecondary8 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary8 weeks
  • Category FluencyPrimary8 weeks
  • Picture Naming TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Task Switching TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Clock Drawing TaskPrimary8 weeks
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallSecondary8 weeks
NCT07324070Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants50Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary2 days
  • Verbal LearningSecondary2 days
NCT07309302Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants64Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary5 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary5 months
  • Verbal LearningPrimary5 months
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary5 months
  • Symbol CodingPrimary5 months
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary5 months
  • Category FluencyPrimary5 months
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskPrimary5 months
  • Balloon RiskPrimary5 months
  • Emotional Stroop TaskPrimary5 months
  • Visual Search TestPrimary5 months
  • Serial Naming TaskPrimary5 months
NCT07258914Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, AutismParticipants25Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Go/No-Go TaskSecondary4 weeks
NCT07143838Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants12Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary3 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary3 weeks
  • Choice Reaction TimeSecondary3 weeks
NCT07039903Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, ADHDParticipants68Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary12 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary12 months
  • Verbal FluencySecondary12 months
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary12 months
  • Category FluencySecondary12 months
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Secondary12 months
  • Task Switching TestSecondary12 months
NCT07022171Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants86Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary6 weeks
  • N-Back TaskSecondary6 weeks
  • Tower PlanningSecondary6 weeks
NCT07009223Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary6 months
  • Symbol CodingPrimary6 months
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Primary6 months
  • Task Switching TestPrimary6 months

Page 1 of 9

Questions, answered from the data

How many depression and bipolar disorder trials use the Trail Making Test?

204 registered depression and bipolar disorder studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 52 of them in a primary outcome: 16% of the condition's 1,247 studies with a cognitive outcome, against 14% of all of them. It is the test depression and bipolar disorder trials name most.

Which tests do depression and bipolar disorder trials use with the Trail Making Test?

Verbal Learning (69 studies), Symbol Coding (67 studies) and the Digit Span Test (67 studies).

How many participants do phase 2 depression and bipolar disorder trials that use the Trail Making Test enroll?

Half of the phase 2 studies that name it enroll 64 participants or fewer, and the middle half enroll 30 to 100. 24 of them give a size.

When do depression and bipolar disorder trials measure the Trail Making Test?

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Trail Making Test are measured within 9 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 4 weeks to 13 weeks. 45 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed depression and bipolar disorder trials that use the Trail Making Test have reported results?

55 of the 95 completed studies that name it, 58%, have reported results: 24 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 43 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 12 did both. The other 40 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on the Trail Making Test and depression and bipolar disorder

  • Every cognitive test in depression and bipolar disorder trials: 1,247 studies
  • The Trail Making Test in all clinical trials: 2,293 studies

The Trail Making Test in other conditions

  • Dementia and Alzheimer's273
  • Aging, frailty and exercise255
  • Mild cognitive impairment213
  • Cancer187
  • Parkinson's disease156
  • Stroke156
  • Brain injury and concussion115
  • Cardiovascular disease105
  • Obesity and diabetes102
  • Schizophrenia and psychosis102
  • Pain and fatigue94
  • Sleep and sleep disorders85
  • Cognitive impairment and decline77
  • Anxiety, PTSD and OCD69
  • Delirium, surgery and intensive care69
  • Healthy volunteers68
  • Substance use and addiction52

Other tests in depression and bipolar disorder trials

  • Verbal Learning178
  • Verbal Fluency154
  • Digit Span Test143
  • Symbol Coding143
  • Stroop Color-Word Test138
  • Go/No-Go Task79
  • N-Back Task79
  • Continuous Performance Test73
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)65

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

The census counts Trail Making Test A and Trail Making Test B as one test family, so this page counts their studies together.

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