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    1. Verbal Fluency TestGradeA
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    16,361Registered studies name a cognitive test in an outcome measure11,688 name a test you can run hereExplore the studies
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  1. Home
  2. /Data
  3. /Clinical trials
  4. /Conditions
  5. /Depression and bipolar disorder
  6. /Verbal Fluency

Clinical trials data

Verbal Fluency in depression and bipolar disorder trials: 154 registered studies

Every registered depression and bipolar disorder study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names Verbal Fluency in an outcome measure: how often it is a primary outcome, the tests named with it, how large the studies are and when they measure it.

Registered depression and bipolar disorder studies name it in an outcome measure
154
Name it in a primary outcome, 28%
43 of 154
Of the condition's 1,247 studies name it, against 11% of all registered studies
12%
Other conditions
Median participants per study
70
By phase
Try Verbal Fluency

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that depression and bipolar disorder studies naming Verbal Fluency name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    Trail Making Test57 studies, 20 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Verbal Learning56 studies, 19 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Digit Span Test56 studies, 14 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Stroop Color-Word Test35 studies, 11 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Symbol Coding24 studies, 8 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Category Fluency23 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    N-Back Task13 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Picture Naming Test11 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Continuous Performance Test10 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Card Sorting Test (Berg)10 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Studies by start year

Each study counted once. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 4 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 6 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 7 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 7 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 8 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 4 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 10 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 6 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 15 studies, 6 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 10 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 19 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 16 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 18 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 10 studies, 5 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200410
200531
200610
200710
200800
200910
201040
201120
201210
201360
201420
201574
201673
201784
201840
2019104
202063
2021156
2022100
2023195
2024164
2025183
2026105

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Early phase 13 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 13 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 1/26 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 214 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 2/31 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 37 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 47 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable91 studies, 24 as a primary outcome
  • Observational22 studies, 10 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100200
  • Phase 260 median, 39 to 84
  • Not applicable66 median, 45 to 120
  • Observational112 median, 81 to 192
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per depression and bipolar disorder study that names Verbal Fluency, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Phase 2146039 to 84
Not applicable896645 to 120
Observational2211281 to 192

When depression and bipolar disorder trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name Verbal Fluency are measured within 8 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 4 weeks to 13 weeks. 37 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day11 outcomes, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks30 outcomes, 8 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months60 outcomes, 19 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months17 outcomes, 4 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months14 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 2 years6 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Over 2 years3 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given13 outcomes, 6 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

141 of the 154 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting33 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting9 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting12 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Completed60 studies, 23 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early16 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown24 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral45 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
  • Drug38 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Device41 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement4 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Procedure9 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Diagnostic test4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Biological2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Radiation2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Combination product2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Other30 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • None given10 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States42 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Denmark16 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Canada15 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • France12 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • China9 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Brazil8 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Netherlands6 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Germany4 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Hong Kong4 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Spain4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Argentina3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Australia3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

33 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 6 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed depression and bipolar disorder studies that name Verbal Fluency: 32 of 60, 53%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed depression and bipolar disorder studies that name Verbal Fluency and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted depression and bipolar disorder studies that name Verbal FluencyEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper8, 13%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only5, 8%1,139, 14%
A results paper only19, 32%1,711, 22%
Neither28, 47%4,327, 54%

The 154 studies

Filter by phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
ConditionDepression and bipolar disorder
TestVerbal Fluency

154 studies match. 43 name Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome. Median size 70 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 8 weeks.

Loading 154 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
051015202000: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2004: 1 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2005: 3 studies, 1 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome20052006: 1 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2007: 1 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2010: 4 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome20102011: 2 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2012: 1 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2013: 6 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2014: 2 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2015: 7 studies, 4 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome20152016: 7 studies, 3 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2017: 8 studies, 4 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2018: 4 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2019: 10 studies, 4 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2020: 6 studies, 3 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome20202021: 15 studies, 6 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2022: 10 studies, 0 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2023: 19 studies, 5 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2024: 16 studies, 4 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome2025: 18 studies, 3 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome20252026: 10 studies, 5 naming Verbal Fluency in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts. Not shown: 2 that started before 2000.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200410
200531
200610
200710
200800
200910
201040
201120
201210
201360
201420
201574
201673
201784
201840
2019104
202063
2021156
2022100
2023195
2024164
2025183
2026105

Library tests named most

  • Verbal Fluency154 studies, 43 as a primary outcome
  • Trail Making Test57 studies, 20 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Learning56 studies, 19 as a primary outcome
  • Digit Span Test56 studies, 14 as a primary outcome
  • Stroop Color-Word Test35 studies, 11 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Coding24 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
  • Category Fluency23 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • N-Back Task13 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Picture Naming Test11 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Continuous Performance Test10 studies, 7 as a primary outcome

Largest condition groups

  • Depression and bipolar disorder154 studies, 43 as a primary outcome
  • Anxiety, PTSD and OCD26 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Pain and fatigue13 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
  • Cancer12 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Sleep and sleep disorders11 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Schizophrenia and psychosis9 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Parkinson's disease8 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Dementia and Alzheimer's6 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Multiple sclerosis4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Mild cognitive impairment3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Healthy volunteers3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Aging, frailty and exercise3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 6, other 148. Interventional 132, observational 22.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeVerbal Fluency

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07857122Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants108Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondary5 months
NCT07755839Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, Cancer, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary6 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary6 months
  • Verbal FluencySecondary6 months
  • Digit Span TestSecondary6 months
  • Cancellation TestSecondary6 months
NCT07664852Start2026PhasePhase 3ConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants126Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestOther outcome5 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestOther outcome5 months
  • Verbal LearningOther outcome5 months
  • Verbal FluencyOther outcome5 months
  • Corsi Block-Tapping TestOther outcome5 months
  • Monetary Incentive DelayOther outcome6 weeks
NCT07633626Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, CancerParticipants24Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Verbal LearningPrimary12 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary12 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary12 weeks
  • Symbol Scan TaskPrimary12 weeks
NCT07619092Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants145Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary1 week
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary1 week
  • N-Back TaskSecondary1 week
  • Spatial N-Back TaskSecondary1 week
NCT07593807Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosis, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusActive, not recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondary4 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary4 weeks
NCT07561307Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants64Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondary8 months
NCT07533773Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary
  • Go/No-Go TaskPrimary
NCT07506070Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorder, Autism, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants160Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary13 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary13 weeks
NCT07404085Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsSchizophrenia and psychosis, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants160Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningPrimary8 weeks
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary8 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Tower PlanningPrimary8 weeks
  • Rapid Visual Information ProcessingPrimary8 weeks
  • Emoji Emotion RecognitionPrimary8 weeks
  • Letter-Number Sequencing TaskPrimary8 weeks
  • Spatial Working MemoryPrimary8 weeks
  • One-Touch Tower PlanningPrimary8 weeks
NCT07402356Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsDementia and Alzheimer's, Mild cognitive impairment, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants140Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary6 months
  • Verbal LearningSecondary6 months
  • Verbal FluencySecondary6 months
  • N-Back TaskPrimarysame day
  • Category FluencySecondary6 months
  • Picture Naming TestSecondary6 months
NCT07350226Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants86Lead sponsorOtherStatusActive, not recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Verbal LearningPrimary8 weeks
  • Verbal FluencySecondary8 weeks
  • Digit Span TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary8 weeks
  • Category FluencyPrimary8 weeks
  • Picture Naming TestPrimary8 weeks
  • Task Switching TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Clock Drawing TaskPrimary8 weeks
  • Complex Figure Copy and RecallSecondary8 weeks
NCT07309302Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants64Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary5 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary5 months
  • Verbal LearningPrimary5 months
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary5 months
  • Symbol CodingPrimary5 months
  • Continuous Performance TestPrimary5 months
  • Category FluencyPrimary5 months
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskPrimary5 months
  • Balloon RiskPrimary5 months
  • Emotional Stroop TaskPrimary5 months
  • Visual Search TestPrimary5 months
  • Serial Naming TaskPrimary5 months
NCT07294924Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants11Lead sponsorIndustryStatusStopped earlyLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary4 weeks
NCT07273604Start2015PhaseNot applicableConditionsMultiple sclerosis, Depression and bipolar disorder, Anxiety, PTSD and OCD, Pain and fatigueParticipants148Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencyPrimary12 weeks
  • Symbol CodingPrimary12 weeks
  • Category FluencyPrimary12 weeks
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition TestPrimary12 weeks
  • Selective Reminding TaskPrimary12 weeks
NCT07253038Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, Huntington's diseaseParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondarysame day
  • Symbol CodingSecondarysame day
NCT07186023Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants124Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondary4 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Symbol CodingSecondary4 weeks
NCT07101107Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants160Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencyOther outcome6 months
NCT07048938Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants120Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondary4 weeks
NCT07039903Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, ADHDParticipants68Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary12 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary12 months
  • Verbal FluencySecondary12 months
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondary12 months
  • Category FluencySecondary12 months
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)Secondary12 months
  • Task Switching TestSecondary12 months
NCT06922409Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsStroke, Depression and bipolar disorder, Sleep and sleep disorders, Pain and fatigueParticipants45Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary1 week
  • Verbal FluencySecondary1 week
  • Category FluencySecondary1 week
NCT06914284Start2024PhaseObservationalConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary3 years
  • Verbal FluencySecondary3 years
NCT06897670Start2025PhaseObservationalConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants200Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondarysame day
  • Verbal FluencySecondarysame day
  • Picture Naming TestSecondarysame day
NCT06897553Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussion, Depression and bipolar disorder, COVID-19 and long COVID, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants44Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary8 weeks
  • Verbal FluencySecondary8 weeks
NCT06893120Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsParkinson's disease, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants20Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondary13 weeks
  • Clock Drawing TaskSecondary13 weeks

Page 1 of 7

Questions, answered from the data

How many depression and bipolar disorder trials use Verbal Fluency?

154 registered depression and bipolar disorder studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 43 of them in a primary outcome: 12% of the condition's 1,247 studies with a cognitive outcome, against 11% of all of them. It is the 3rd most named test in depression and bipolar disorder trials.

Which tests do depression and bipolar disorder trials use with Verbal Fluency?

The Trail Making Test (57 studies), Verbal Learning (56 studies) and the Digit Span Test (56 studies).

How many participants do phase 2 depression and bipolar disorder trials that use Verbal Fluency enroll?

Half of the phase 2 studies that name it enroll 60 participants or fewer, and the middle half enroll 39 to 84. 14 of them give a size.

When do depression and bipolar disorder trials measure Verbal Fluency?

Half of the primary outcomes that name Verbal Fluency are measured within 8 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 4 weeks to 13 weeks. 37 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed depression and bipolar disorder trials that use Verbal Fluency have reported results?

32 of the 60 completed studies that name it, 53%, have reported results: 13 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 27 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 8 did both. The other 28 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on Verbal Fluency and depression and bipolar disorder

  • Every cognitive test in depression and bipolar disorder trials: 1,247 studies
  • Verbal Fluency in all clinical trials: 1,745 studies

Verbal Fluency in other conditions

  • Dementia and Alzheimer's248
  • Cancer200
  • Mild cognitive impairment177
  • Parkinson's disease140
  • Aging, frailty and exercise136
  • Stroke110
  • Schizophrenia and psychosis107
  • Brain injury and concussion86
  • Cognitive impairment and decline63
  • Obesity and diabetes63
  • Anxiety, PTSD and OCD61
  • Cardiovascular disease61
  • Multiple sclerosis58
  • Sleep and sleep disorders58
  • Pain and fatigue53

Other tests in depression and bipolar disorder trials

  • Trail Making Test204
  • Verbal Learning178
  • Digit Span Test143
  • Symbol Coding143
  • Stroop Color-Word Test138
  • Go/No-Go Task79
  • N-Back Task79
  • Continuous Performance Test73
  • Card Sorting Test (Berg)65

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

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