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Clinical trials data

Multi-Source Interference Task in clinical trials: 32 registered studies

Every registered study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names the Multi-Source Interference Task in an outcome measure: the conditions it is used in, how often it is a primary outcome, the tests it is named with, and how large the studies are.

Registered studies name it in an outcome measure
32
Name it in a primary outcome, 59%
19 of 32
Against similar tests
Of studies started 2021 to 2025 name it, against 0.1% in 2016 to 2020
0.2%
By year
Median participants per study
50
By phase
Try the Multi-Source Interference Task

The conditions it is used in

Each study counted once in each condition group it falls in.
  1. Depression and bipolar disorder8 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  2. Healthy volunteers5 studies, 5 as a primary outcome

  3. Brain injury and concussion4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  4. Sleep and sleep disorders4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  5. ADHD3 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  6. Anxiety, PTSD and OCD3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  7. Substance use and addiction2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  8. Cardiovascular disease2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  9. Stroke1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

  10. Cancer1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

  11. Other conditions6 studies, 4 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

How often it is a primary outcome

The Multi-Source Interference Task is a primary outcome in 59% of its studies. Across the 30 executive function tests with a page here, the median is 37%.
  1. Multi-Source Interference Task59% of 32 studies

  2. Cue Reactivity Task56% of 188 studies

  3. Stroop Color-Word Test41% of 1,929 studies

  4. Tower Planning40% of 247 studies

  5. Task Switching Test40% of 334 studies

  6. Dimensional Change Card Sort38% of 214 studies

  7. Verbal Fluency37% of 1,745 studies

  8. Delay Discounting36% of 257 studies

  9. Clock Drawing Task35% of 281 studies

  10. Matrix Reasoning35% of 272 studies

  11. Card Sorting Test (Berg)34% of 411 studies

  12. Trail Making Test31% of 2,293 studies

  13. AX Continuous Performance Test17% of 191 studies

Studies by start year

0.2% of the registered studies that started in 2021 to 2025 name it, against 0.1% of those that started in 2016 to 2020. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 6 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 1 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 2 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 4 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 3 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 4 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200400
200500
200600
200700
200800
200911
201010
201100
201221
201311
201422
201511
201600
201700
201800
201931
202011
202164
202210
202320
202442
202533
202642

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Early phase 11 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 24 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 31 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 41 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable24 studies, 15 as a primary outcome
  • Observational1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100
  • Not applicable53 median, 25 to 75
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per study that names the Multi-Source Interference Task, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Not applicable245325 to 75

When trials measure it

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Multi-Source Interference Task are measured within 1 week of the start, and the middle half from the first day to 6 weeks. 19 primary outcomes give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day10 outcomes, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks9 outcomes, 4 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months7 outcomes, 3 as a primary outcome
  • 3 to 6 months3 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months2 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given1 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

31 of the 32 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting8 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Completed17 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral8 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Drug5 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Device15 studies, 9 as a primary outcome
  • Dietary supplement1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Procedure3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Other2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • None given1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States28 studies, 17 as a primary outcome
  • Canada2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Australia1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Germany1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

4 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 0 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed studies that name the Multi-Source Interference Task: 9 of 17, 53%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%

Completed studies that name the Multi-Source Interference Task and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted studies that name the Multi-Source Interference TaskEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper2, 12%776, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only5, 29%1,139, 14%
A results paper only2, 12%1,711, 22%
Neither8, 47%4,327, 54%

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that studies naming the Multi-Source Interference Task name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    N-Back Task4 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Go/No-Go Task4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Digit Span Test3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Psychomotor Vigilance Task3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Stroop Color-Word Test3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Verbal Learning3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    Implicit Association Test (IAT)2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Balloon Risk2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Short Story Recall2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Stop-Signal Task2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Compared over time

Studies per start year for the Multi-Source Interference Task and the tests named with it most. Add or remove tests to compare.
Multi-Source Interference Task32 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026
N-Back Task787 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026
Go/No-Go Task699 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026
Digit Span Test1,619 studies, 2000 to 2026
01002002000201020202026

The panel's testThe other tests chosenEvery panel has the same scale. 2026 is partly planned starts.

Show as a table
Registered studies per start year that name each test
Start yearMulti-Source Interference TaskN-Back TaskGo/No-Go TaskDigit Span Test
20000003
20010012
20020221
20030214
20040024
20050407
20060314
2007010114
2008010419
200915522
2010111837
20110201326
20122141336
20131231944
20142252249
20151252479
20160323469
20170513782
20180544085
201935946110
20201303290
202167062122
202216260121
202327167164
202446964141
202536777147
202646864137

Explore the 32 studies

Filter by condition, phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
TestThe Multi-Source Interference Task

32 studies match. 19 name the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome. Median size 50 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 1 week.

Loading 32 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
02462000: 0 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2004: 0 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome20052006: 0 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2007: 0 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2008: 0 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2009: 1 studies, 1 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2010: 1 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome20102011: 0 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2012: 2 studies, 1 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2013: 1 studies, 1 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2014: 2 studies, 2 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2015: 1 studies, 1 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome20152016: 0 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2017: 0 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2018: 0 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2019: 3 studies, 1 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2020: 1 studies, 1 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome20202021: 6 studies, 4 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2022: 1 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2023: 2 studies, 0 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2024: 4 studies, 2 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome2025: 3 studies, 3 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome20252026: 4 studies, 2 naming the Multi-Source Interference Task in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200400
200500
200600
200700
200800
200911
201010
201100
201221
201311
201422
201511
201600
201700
201800
201931
202011
202164
202210
202320
202442
202533
202642

Library tests named most

  • Multi-Source Interference Task32 studies, 19 as a primary outcome
  • N-Back Task4 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Go/No-Go Task4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Digit Span Test3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Psychomotor Vigilance Task3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Stroop Color-Word Test3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Verbal Learning3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Implicit Association Test (IAT)2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Balloon Risk2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Short Story Recall2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

Conditions

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: other 32. Interventional 31, observational 1.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeThe Multi-Source Interference Task

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07872917Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsAnxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants20Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskPrimary1 week
NCT07714005Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants12Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Delay DiscountingSecondary8 weeks
  • Ball-Toss GameSecondary8 weeks
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskSecondary8 weeks
NCT07546786Start2024PhaseObservationalConditionsOther conditionsParticipants104Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • N-Back TaskPrimary1 week
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskPrimary1 week
NCT07528157Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants80Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • N-Back TaskSecondary7 weeks
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskSecondary7 weeks
NCT07220265Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants36Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Go/No-Go TaskPrimarysame day
  • Matrix ReasoningSecondarysame day
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskPrimarysame day
NCT06871124Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsBrain injury and concussionParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Verbal FluencySecondary6 months
  • N-Back TaskPrimary6 months
  • Task Switching TestSecondary6 months
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskPrimary6 months
NCT06824415Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, Sleep and sleep disordersParticipants55Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • N-Back TaskPrimarysame day
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskPrimarysame day
NCT06645613Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants50Lead sponsorOtherStatusActive, not recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Choice Reaction TimePrimarysame day
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskPrimarysame day
NCT06282146Start2024PhaseEarly phase 1ConditionsDepression and bipolar disorder, Anxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants10Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Emoji Emotion RecognitionOther outcome2 weeks
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskOther outcome2 weeks
NCT06274567Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants136Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Balloon RiskSecondary4 weeks
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskSecondary4 weeks
NCT06267521Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants64Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Psychomotor Vigilance TaskPrimary4 weeks
  • Implicit Association Test (IAT)Primary5 weeks
  • Sustained Attention to ResponsePrimary5 months
  • Emotional Stroop TaskPrimary5 weeks
  • Probabilistic Reversal LearningPrimary5 weeks
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskPrimary5 weeks
NCT05680727Start2023PhasePhase 2ConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants40Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

ResultsPaper

Library tests named
  • Emoji Emotion RecognitionOther outcome4 weeks
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskOther outcome4 weeks
NCT05612659Start2022PhaseNot applicableConditionsStroke, Depression and bipolar disorderParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskSecondary
NCT05452772Start2023PhasePhase 2ConditionsSubstance use and addictionParticipants66Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskSecondary4 weeks
NCT05367076Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsCancerParticipants26Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Verbal LearningOther outcome6 months
  • Go/No-Go TaskOther outcomesame day
  • Stop-Signal TaskOther outcome6 months
  • Matrix ReasoningOther outcome6 months
  • Rapid Visual Information ProcessingOther outcome6 months
  • Pattern and Letter ComparisonOther outcome6 months
  • Delayed Match-to-SampleOther outcome6 months
  • Visual Search TestOther outcome6 months
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskOther outcome6 months
NCT04953559Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsSleep and sleep disordersParticipants20Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruiting

Paper 1Paper 2

Library tests named
  • Verbal LearningSecondary1 week
  • Digit Span TestSecondary1 week
  • Symbol CodingSecondary1 week
  • Psychomotor Vigilance TaskSecondarysame day
  • Short Story RecallSecondary1 week
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskSecondary1 week
NCT04879719Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Implicit Association Test (IAT)Primarysame day
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskPrimarysame day
  • Word Stem Completion TaskPrimarysame day
NCT04485507Start2020PhaseNot applicableConditionsCardiovascular diseaseParticipants74Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestPrimary12 months
  • Stroop Color-Word TestPrimary12 months
  • Digit Span TestPrimary12 months
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskPrimary12 months
NCT04290533Start2019PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants23Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Go/No-Go TaskSecondarysame day
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskSecondarysame day
NCT04284267Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants56Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskPrimarysame day
NCT04080115Start2021PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants201Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskPrimary1 week
  • Attention Network TestPrimary1 week
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskPrimary1 week
NCT03904498Start2021PhasePhase 2ConditionsADHD, Substance use and addictionParticipants23Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Stop-Signal TaskPrimary1 week
  • Cue Reactivity TaskPrimary1 week
  • Balloon RiskPrimary1 week
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskPrimary1 week
NCT03841669Start2019PhaseNot applicableConditionsCardiovascular diseaseParticipants130Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Results

Library tests named
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary12 months
  • Emotion Regulation TaskOther outcome12 months
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskSecondary12 months
NCT03622749Start2019PhaseNot applicableConditionsDepression and bipolar disorderParticipants19Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Results

Library tests named
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskPrimarysame day
NCT02704117Start2015PhasePhase 3ConditionsAnxiety, PTSD and OCDParticipants19Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Multi-Source Interference TaskPrimary6 months

Page 1 of 2

Questions, answered from the data

How many clinical trials use the Multi-Source Interference Task?

32 registered studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 19 of them in a primary outcome.

In which conditions do trials use the Multi-Source Interference Task?

Most often in depression and bipolar disorder (8), healthy volunteers (5) and brain injury and concussion (4).

Which tests do trials use with the Multi-Source Interference Task?

The N-Back Task (4 studies), the Go/No-Go Task (4 studies) and the Digit Span Test (3 studies).

When do trials measure the Multi-Source Interference Task?

Half of the primary outcomes that name the Multi-Source Interference Task are measured within 1 week of the start, and the middle half from the first day to 6 weeks. 19 primary outcomes give a duration.

How many completed trials that use the Multi-Source Interference Task have reported results?

9 of the 17 completed studies that name it, 53%, have reported results: 7 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 4 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 2 did both. The other 8 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on tests in clinical trials

  • Multi-Source Interference Task: what it measures, its scores, and a version to try
  • All 101 tests in clinical trials
  • Cognitive tests by condition
  • Every registered study, by test, condition, phase and year

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

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