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  5. /Lane Keeping Task

Clinical trials data

Lane Keeping Task in clinical trials: 59 registered studies

Every registered study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names the Lane Keeping Task in an outcome measure: the conditions it is used in, how often it is a primary outcome, the tests it is named with, and how large the studies are.

Registered studies name it in an outcome measure
59
Name it in a primary outcome, 85%
50 of 59
Against similar tests
Of studies started 2021 to 2025 name it, against 0.4% in 2016 to 2020
0.3%
By year
Median participants per study
48
By phase
Try the Lane Keeping Task

The conditions it is used in

Each study counted once in each condition group it falls in.
  1. Substance use and addiction15 studies, 11 as a primary outcome

  2. Healthy volunteers13 studies, 13 as a primary outcome

  3. Sleep and sleep disorders10 studies, 8 as a primary outcome

  4. Depression and bipolar disorder2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  5. ADHD2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome

  6. Cancer2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  7. Cognitive impairment and decline2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  8. Pain and fatigue2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

  9. Mild cognitive impairment1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

  10. Parkinson's disease1 study, 1 as a primary outcome

  11. Multiple sclerosis1 study, 1 as a primary outcome

  12. Aging, frailty and exercise1 study, 0 as a primary outcome

  13. Delirium, surgery and intensive care1 study, 1 as a primary outcome

  14. Other conditions10 studies, 9 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

How often it is a primary outcome

The Lane Keeping Task is a primary outcome in 85% of its studies. Across the 12 processing speed tests with a page here, the median is 42%.
  1. Lane Keeping Task85% of 59 studies

  2. Motor Sequence Task53% of 30 studies

  3. Serial Reaction Time48% of 27 studies

  4. Arithmetic Fluency Task47% of 101 studies

  5. Mirror Tracing Task43% of 23 studies

  6. Symbol Scan Task42% of 129 studies

  7. Paced Visual Serial Addition Test42% of 337 studies

  8. Simple Reaction Time40% of 210 studies

  9. Finger Tapping Task38% of 144 studies

  10. Pattern and Letter Comparison35% of 147 studies

  11. Symbol Coding31% of 1,457 studies

  12. Trail Making Test31% of 2,293 studies

Studies by start year

0.3% of the registered studies that started in 2021 to 2025 name it, against 0.4% of those that started in 2016 to 2020. 2026 is partly planned starts.
02000: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2004: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome20052006: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2007: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2008: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2009: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2010: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome20102011: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome2012: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2013: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2014: 1 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2015: 2 studies, 2 with a test as a primary outcome20152016: 4 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2017: 5 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2018: 4 studies, 4 with a test as a primary outcome2019: 2 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2020: 3 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome20202021: 4 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome2022: 3 studies, 1 with a test as a primary outcome2023: 0 studies, 0 with a test as a primary outcome2024: 7 studies, 7 with a test as a primary outcome2025: 4 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome20252026: 6 studies, 3 with a test as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Show as a table
Registered studies by start year
Start yearStudiesA test as a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200411
200500
200611
200711
200822
200922
201011
201122
201211
201311
201411
201522
201644
201754
201844
201921
202033
202143
202231
202300
202477
202543
202663

Phases and study sizes

By phase

  • Early phase 11 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 126 studies, 25 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 1/23 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 24 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 31 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Phase 44 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Not applicable16 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
  • Observational4 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

Participants per study

102050100
  • Phase 148 median, 33 to 70
  • Not applicable49 median, 23 to 80
Participants per study. The bar spans the middle half of the studies in each phase, the mark is the median, and the axis is logarithmic. Phases with fewer than 10 studies that give a size are left out.
Show as a table
Participants per study that names the Lane Keeping Task, by phase
PhaseStudies with a sizeMedianMiddle half
Phase 1264833 to 70
Not applicable154923 to 80

When trials measure it

Most primary outcomes that name the Lane Keeping Task are measured within a day of the start: three in four of the 45 that give a duration.

Latest time point of each outcome

  • Within a day40 outcomes, 35 as a primary outcome
  • Up to 4 weeks9 outcomes, 7 as a primary outcome
  • 1 to 3 months1 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
  • 6 to 12 months1 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Over 2 years1 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
  • No duration given7 outcomes, 5 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

52 of the 59 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.

Status, results, interventions and countries

Status

  • Recruiting6 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Not yet recruiting7 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
  • Active, not recruiting2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Completed41 studies, 37 as a primary outcome
  • Stopped early2 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
  • Status unknown1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

What they test

  • Behavioral2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Drug45 studies, 40 as a primary outcome
  • Device1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Diagnostic test1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Other14 studies, 13 as a primary outcome
  • None given3 studies, 2 as a primary outcome

Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.

Where their sites are

  • United States24 studies, 21 as a primary outcome
  • Netherlands12 studies, 12 as a primary outcome
  • Canada9 studies, 7 as a primary outcome
  • Japan5 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
  • Australia1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Belgium1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • France1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Germany1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Norway1 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
  • Taiwan1 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

10 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 4 list no site.

Reported results

Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.

Completed studies that name the Lane Keeping Task: 25 of 41, 61%

Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,646 of 7,996, 46%

Completed studies that name the Lane Keeping Task and every completed study, by how they reported results
ResultsCompleted studies that name the Lane Keeping TaskEvery completed study
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper6, 15%781, 10%
Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only8, 20%1,145, 14%
A results paper only11, 27%1,720, 22%
Neither16, 39%4,350, 54%

Tests named in the same studies

The library tests that studies naming the Lane Keeping Task name most often beside it.
  1. 1

    Symbol Coding6 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  2. 2

    Psychomotor Vigilance Task6 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  3. 3

    Trail Making Test5 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  4. 4

    Paced Visual Serial Addition Test3 studies, 3 as a primary outcome

  5. 5

    Digit Span Test3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  6. 6

    Choice Reaction Time2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  7. 7

    Continuous Performance Test2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  8. 8

    Field of View Speed Test2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  9. 9

    Free Recall Task2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

  10. 10

    Simple Reaction Time2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes

Compared over time

Studies per start year for the Lane Keeping Task and the tests named with it most. Add or remove tests to compare.
Lane Keeping Task57 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026
Symbol Coding1,448 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026
Psychomotor Vigilance Task394 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026
Trail Making Test2,281 studies, 2000 to 2026
01252502000201020202026

The panel's testThe other tests chosenEvery panel has the same scale. 2026 is partly planned starts.

Show as a table
Registered studies per start year that name each test
Start yearLane Keeping TaskSymbol CodingPsychomotor Vigilance TaskTrail Making Test
20000102
20010200
20020313
20030338
2004111110
200507314
200618714
2007114521
2008214417
2009218229
2010128932
2011230547
2012127644
20131351160
20141471266
20152391285
201647221103
201757115122
201848321117
201929425155
202037921122
2021411632172
2022310731188
2023014029228
2024713432211
2025413433210
2026613153201

Explore the 59 studies

Filter by condition, phase, sponsor, status, country, intervention, outcome list, size and start year. Each study links to its record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
TestThe Lane Keeping Task

59 studies match. 50 name the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome. Median size 48 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: same day.

Loading 59 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.

By start year
024682000: 0 studies, 0 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome20002001: 0 studies, 0 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2002: 0 studies, 0 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2003: 0 studies, 0 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2004: 1 studies, 1 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2005: 0 studies, 0 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome20052006: 1 studies, 1 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2007: 1 studies, 1 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2008: 2 studies, 2 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2009: 2 studies, 2 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2010: 1 studies, 1 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome20102011: 2 studies, 2 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2012: 1 studies, 1 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2013: 1 studies, 1 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2014: 1 studies, 1 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2015: 2 studies, 2 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome20152016: 4 studies, 4 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2017: 5 studies, 4 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2018: 4 studies, 4 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2019: 2 studies, 1 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2020: 3 studies, 3 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome20202021: 4 studies, 3 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2022: 3 studies, 1 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2023: 0 studies, 0 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2024: 7 studies, 7 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome2025: 4 studies, 3 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome20252026: 6 studies, 3 naming the Lane Keeping Task in a primary outcome

2026 is partly planned starts. Not shown: 2 planned to start after 2026.

Show as a table
Matching studies by start year
Start yearStudiesAs a primary outcome
200000
200100
200200
200300
200411
200500
200611
200711
200822
200922
201011
201122
201211
201311
201411
201522
201644
201754
201844
201921
202033
202143
202231
202300
202477
202543
202663

Library tests named most

  • Lane Keeping Task59 studies, 50 as a primary outcome
  • Symbol Coding6 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Psychomotor Vigilance Task6 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Trail Making Test5 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition Test3 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
  • Digit Span Test3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Choice Reaction Time2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Continuous Performance Test2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Field of View Speed Test2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
  • Free Recall Task2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome

Largest condition groups

Phases

Participants

Lead sponsor: industry 24, other 35. Interventional 55, observational 4.

As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeThe Lane Keeping Task

The studies, newest registration first

Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registered studies that match the filters, newest registration first, with the library tests each one names and the outcome list that names them.
StudyStartPhaseConditionsParticipantsLead sponsorStatusLibrary tests named, with the latest time point
NCT07932613Start2026PhasePhase 4ConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants20Lead sponsorIndustryStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
NCT07877987Start2027PhasePhase 1ConditionsOther conditionsParticipants80Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
NCT07870187Start2027PhasePhase 1ConditionsSubstance use and addictionParticipants70Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Symbol CodingPrimarysame day
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition TestPrimarysame day
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
NCT07809828Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsParkinson's disease, Multiple sclerosisParticipants100Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
NCT07656389Start2026PhaseObservationalConditionsMild cognitive impairment, Aging, frailty and exerciseParticipants192Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Digit Span TestSecondarysame day
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondarysame day
  • Lane Keeping TaskSecondarysame day
NCT07545421Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsSleep and sleep disordersParticipants100Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Psychomotor Vigilance TaskSecondary
  • Lane Keeping TaskSecondary
NCT07539272Start2026PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusNot yet recruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Digit Span TestSecondary4 weeks
  • Lane Keeping TaskSecondary4 weeks
NCT07214155Start2026PhasePhase 1ConditionsSubstance use and addictionParticipants70Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Symbol CodingPrimarysame day
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition TestPrimarysame day
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
NCT07176208Start2025PhasePhase 1ConditionsSubstance use and addictionParticipants48Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
NCT06960980Start2025PhaseNot applicableConditionsADHDParticipants204Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskSecondary4 weeks
NCT06686914Start2025PhasePhase 1ConditionsOther conditionsParticipants300Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondarysame day
  • Stroop Color-Word TestSecondarysame day
  • Verbal LearningSecondarysame day
  • Digit Span TestSecondarysame day
  • N-Back TaskSecondarysame day
  • Continuous Performance TestSecondarysame day
  • Category FluencySecondarysame day
  • Psychomotor Vigilance TaskSecondarysame day
  • Eriksen Flanker TaskSecondarysame day
  • Clock Drawing TaskSecondarysame day
  • AX Continuous Performance TestWording unclear
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
NCT06595576Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsSubstance use and addictionParticipants52Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
  • Free Recall TaskSecondarysame day
NCT06382662Start2024PhasePhase 4ConditionsCognitive impairment and declineParticipants20Lead sponsorIndustryStatusCompleted

Results

Library tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
NCT06323655Start2018PhasePhase 1ConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants48Lead sponsorIndustryStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
NCT06293040Start2024PhasePhase 1ConditionsSubstance use and addictionParticipants90Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Symbol CodingPrimarysame day
  • Paced Visual Serial Addition TestPrimarysame day
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
NCT06255054Start2020PhaseObservationalConditionsSubstance use and addictionParticipants207Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimary5 years
NCT06236815Start2025PhaseEarly phase 1ConditionsSubstance use and addictionParticipants5Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimary9 months
NCT06219902Start2024PhasePhase 1ConditionsCancerParticipants64Lead sponsorIndustryStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Symbol CodingSecondarysame day
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
NCT06218550Start2024PhasePhase 1ConditionsSubstance use and addictionParticipants30Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
NCT05526196Start2024PhaseNot applicableConditionsOther conditionsParticipants60Lead sponsorOtherStatusRecruitingLibrary tests named
  • Trail Making TestSecondarysame day
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
  • Field of View Speed TestSecondarysame day
NCT05344170Start2022PhasePhase 1/2ConditionsSleep and sleep disordersParticipants20Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Paper

Library tests named
  • Psychomotor Vigilance TaskOther outcome
  • Finger Tapping TaskOther outcome
  • Lane Keeping TaskOther outcome
  • Motor Sequence TaskOther outcome
NCT05276232Start2022PhasePhase 1ConditionsSubstance use and addictionParticipants75Lead sponsorOtherStatusStatus unknownLibrary tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskSecondarysame day
NCT04970342Start2021PhasePhase 1ConditionsSubstance use and addictionParticipants13Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

Results

Library tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
NCT04931095Start2022PhasePhase 1ConditionsSubstance use and addictionParticipants70Lead sponsorOtherStatusCompleted

ResultsPaper

Library tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimarysame day
NCT04696952Start2021PhasePhase 1ConditionsHealthy volunteersParticipants61Lead sponsorIndustryStatusCompletedLibrary tests named
  • Lane Keeping TaskPrimary2 days

Page 1 of 3

Questions, answered from the data

How many clinical trials use the Lane Keeping Task?

59 registered studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 50 of them in a primary outcome.

In which conditions do trials use the Lane Keeping Task?

Most often in substance use and addiction (15), healthy volunteers (13) and sleep and sleep disorders (10).

Do new trials use the Lane Keeping Task more or less?

0.3% of the studies that started in 2021 to 2025 name it, against 0.4% of those that started in 2016 to 2020: a share 37% smaller.

Which tests do trials use with the Lane Keeping Task?

Symbol Coding (6 studies), the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (6 studies) and the Trail Making Test (5 studies).

When do trials measure the Lane Keeping Task?

Most primary outcomes that name the Lane Keeping Task are measured within a day of the start: three in four of the 45 that give a duration.

How many completed trials that use the Lane Keeping Task have reported results?

25 of the 41 completed studies that name it, 61%, have reported results: 14 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 17 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 6 did both. The other 16 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.

More on tests in clinical trials

  • Lane Keeping Task: what it measures, its scores, and a version to try
  • All 102 tests in clinical trials
  • Cognitive tests by condition
  • Every registered study, by test, condition, phase and year

How the studies are counted

For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 12 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.

The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.

A second read on 12 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.

A third read on 12 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.2.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.

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