Clinical trials data
Cancellation Test in stroke trials: 75 registered studies
Every registered stroke study on ClinicalTrials.gov that names the Cancellation Test in an outcome measure: how often it is a primary outcome, the tests named with it, how large the studies are and when they measure it.
- Registered stroke studies name it in an outcome measure
- 75
- Name it in a primary outcome, 36%
- 27 of 75
Tests named in the same studies
- 1
Line Bisection Test27 studies, 10 as a primary outcome
- 2
Trail Making Test12 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- 3
Digit Span Test9 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
- 4
Verbal Fluency9 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- 5
Stroop Color-Word Test8 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- 6
Picture Naming Test5 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- 7
Symbol Coding3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- 8
Token Commands Task3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- 9
Verbal Learning3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- 10
Card Sorting Test (Berg)2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes
Studies by start year
A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes
Show as a table
| Start year | Studies | A test as a primary outcome |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0 | 0 |
| 2001 | 0 | 0 |
| 2002 | 0 | 0 |
| 2003 | 0 | 0 |
| 2004 | 0 | 0 |
| 2005 | 0 | 0 |
| 2006 | 1 | 0 |
| 2007 | 0 | 0 |
| 2008 | 1 | 0 |
| 2009 | 3 | 0 |
| 2010 | 2 | 1 |
| 2011 | 2 | 2 |
| 2012 | 2 | 2 |
| 2013 | 0 | 0 |
| 2014 | 4 | 0 |
| 2015 | 4 | 1 |
| 2016 | 3 | 1 |
| 2017 | 4 | 2 |
| 2018 | 3 | 1 |
| 2019 | 4 | 3 |
| 2020 | 4 | 1 |
| 2021 | 6 | 2 |
| 2022 | 5 | 3 |
| 2023 | 7 | 2 |
| 2024 | 6 | 1 |
| 2025 | 8 | 2 |
| 2026 | 6 | 3 |
Phases and study sizes
By phase
- Early phase 11 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Phase 1/21 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Phase 26 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Phase 33 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
- Phase 41 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Not applicable49 studies, 18 as a primary outcome
- Observational14 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
Participants per study
- Not applicable30 median, 18 to 50
- Observational50 median, 41 to 176
Show as a table
| Phase | Studies with a size | Median | Middle half |
|---|---|---|---|
| Not applicable | 46 | 30 | 18 to 50 |
| Observational | 14 | 50 | 41 to 176 |
When stroke trials measure it
Latest time point of each outcome
- Within a day6 outcomes, 3 as a primary outcome
- Up to 4 weeks24 outcomes, 14 as a primary outcome
- 1 to 3 months21 outcomes, 3 as a primary outcome
- 3 to 6 months13 outcomes, 4 as a primary outcome
- 6 to 12 months1 outcomes, 1 as a primary outcome
- Over 2 years1 outcomes, 0 as a primary outcome
- No duration given9 outcomes, 2 as a primary outcome
A test as a primary outcomeOnly in secondary or other outcomes
66 of the 75 outcome measures give a duration. A single visit counts as within a day.
Status, results, interventions and countries
Status
- Recruiting11 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
- Not yet recruiting8 studies, 4 as a primary outcome
- Active, not recruiting2 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Completed30 studies, 12 as a primary outcome
- Stopped early10 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Status unknown14 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
What they test
- Behavioral20 studies, 8 as a primary outcome
- Drug10 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- Device21 studies, 6 as a primary outcome
- Procedure3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Diagnostic test2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Other26 studies, 11 as a primary outcome
- None given6 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
Intervention types as registered. A study can list several; observational studies often list none.
Where their sites are
- United States12 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- Belgium10 studies, 3 as a primary outcome
- Italy10 studies, 5 as a primary outcome
- Canada6 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- United Kingdom5 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- France4 studies, 2 as a primary outcome
- India4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- South Korea4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Türkiye4 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Portugal3 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
- Switzerland3 studies, 0 as a primary outcome
- Germany2 studies, 1 as a primary outcome
29 countries in all. A study with sites in several counts in each; 4 list no site.
Reported results
Completed studies with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, a results paper the registry links to the study, or both.
Completed stroke studies that name the Cancellation Test: 11 of 30, 37%
Every completed study with a cognitive outcome: 3,626 of 7,953, 46%
| Results | Completed stroke studies that name the Cancellation Test | Every completed study |
|---|---|---|
| Results on ClinicalTrials.gov and a paper | 2, 7% | 776, 10% |
| Results on ClinicalTrials.gov only | 2, 7% | 1,139, 14% |
| A results paper only | 7, 23% | 1,711, 22% |
| Neither | 19, 63% | 4,327, 54% |
The 75 studies
75 studies match. 27 name the Cancellation Test in a primary outcome. Median size 39 participants. Median time to the primary outcome: 4 weeks.
Loading 75 studies; the filters turn on when they arrive.
2026 is partly planned starts.
Show as a table
| Start year | Studies | As a primary outcome |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0 | 0 |
| 2001 | 0 | 0 |
| 2002 | 0 | 0 |
| 2003 | 0 | 0 |
| 2004 | 0 | 0 |
| 2005 | 0 | 0 |
| 2006 | 1 | 0 |
| 2007 | 0 | 0 |
| 2008 | 1 | 0 |
| 2009 | 3 | 0 |
| 2010 | 2 | 1 |
| 2011 | 2 | 2 |
| 2012 | 2 | 2 |
| 2013 | 0 | 0 |
| 2014 | 4 | 0 |
| 2015 | 4 | 1 |
| 2016 | 3 | 1 |
| 2017 | 4 | 2 |
| 2018 | 3 | 1 |
| 2019 | 4 | 3 |
| 2020 | 4 | 1 |
| 2021 | 6 | 2 |
| 2022 | 5 | 3 |
| 2023 | 7 | 2 |
| 2024 | 6 | 1 |
| 2025 | 8 | 2 |
| 2026 | 6 | 3 |
Library tests named most
Conditions
Phases
Participants
Lead sponsor: industry 6, other 69. Interventional 61, observational 14.
As a primary outcomeSecondary or other outcomeThe Cancellation Test
The studies, newest registration first
Each number opens the study's record on ClinicalTrials.gov.
| Study | Start | Phase | Conditions | Participants | Lead sponsor | Status | Library tests named, with the latest time point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT07819266 | Start2026 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke | Participants42 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07589855 | Start2025 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke | Participants6 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07586566 | Start2026 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussion | Participants15 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07538076 | Start2026 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsStroke | Participants105 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07507383 | Start2024 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke | Participants18 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT07480122 | Start2026 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsStroke | Participants50 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07374276 | Start2026 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke | Participants12 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusActive, not recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07322614 | Start2021 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke | Participants60 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT07290218 | Start2026 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussion | Participants15 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07102927 | Start2022 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke | Participants28 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07017140 | Start2025 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke, Brain injury and concussion | Participants30 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT07010536 | Start2025 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke | Participants30 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT06999473 | Start2025 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke | Participants30 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06965673 | Start2023 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke | Participants30 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06931795 | Start2025 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke | Participants40 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusNot yet recruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06852209 | Start2025 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke | Participants20 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06804304 | Start2025 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke, Depression and bipolar disorder, Anxiety, PTSD and OCD | Participants100 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06747676 | Start2025 | PhasePhase 1/2 | ConditionsStroke | Participants28 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusStopped early | Library tests named
|
| NCT06690125 | Start2018 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsStroke | Participants36 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT06646003 | Start2024 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsStroke | Participants341 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT06483230 | Start2024 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke, Cardiovascular disease | Participants25 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06441552 | Start2024 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsStroke | Participants200 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06382558 | Start2024 | PhaseObservational | ConditionsStroke | Participants44 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusCompleted | Library tests named
|
| NCT06366360 | Start2024 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke | Participants80 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusRecruiting | Library tests named
|
| NCT06291480 | Start2023 | PhaseNot applicable | ConditionsStroke | Participants16 | Lead sponsorOther | StatusStopped early | Library tests named
|
Questions, answered from the data
How many stroke trials use the Cancellation Test?
75 registered stroke studies on ClinicalTrials.gov name it in an outcome measure, 27 of them in a primary outcome: 6% of the condition's 1,233 studies with a cognitive outcome, against 2% of all of them. It is the 6th most named test in stroke trials.
Which tests do stroke trials use with the Cancellation Test?
The Line Bisection Test (27 studies), the Trail Making Test (12 studies) and the Digit Span Test (9 studies).
When do stroke trials measure the Cancellation Test?
Half of the primary outcomes that name the Cancellation Test are measured within 4 weeks of the start, and the middle half from 2 weeks to 8 weeks. 25 primary outcomes give a duration.
How many completed stroke trials that use the Cancellation Test have reported results?
11 of the 30 completed studies that name it, 37%, have reported results: 4 posted them on ClinicalTrials.gov, 9 have a results paper linked to the registry record, and 2 did both. The other 19 show neither. Of all completed studies with a cognitive outcome, 46% have reported results.
How the studies are counted
For each test family, the census runs ClinicalTrials.gov's own outcome search for the family's names and reads every study first posted by the day the family was counted. These studies were read on 10 November 2026. A study counts once on a page, however many tests it names. Counts for a test cover every version of the task under any of its names, so a page can count studies that used a commercial version.
The census adds two things to each record and changes nothing in it: which outcome list names the test (primary, then secondary, then other), and the condition groups, matched on the study's condition names and MeSH terms. A study can fall in several groups; one whose only condition is cognitive impairment or decline falls in “Cognitive impairment and decline”. Studies that name only instruments outside the library count in every total and share but are not listed.
A second read on 10 November 2026 added each study's overall status, whether results are posted, its intervention types, the countries of its sites and the time frame of the outcome that names each test. A time frame counts by the latest time point it names: “Baseline, 12 and 24 weeks” is 24 weeks, a single visit is within a day, and one that names no duration, such as “end of treatment”, is left out of the timings.
A third read on 10 November 2026 added the papers the registry links to each study: those its sponsor lists as reporting results, and those PubMed links to it through the study's NCT number. A study has a results paper when one of them came out in or after the month of its primary completion and PubMed does not class it as a protocol, review or comment. A paper that never gives the NCT number is not linked, so some studies counted as reporting neither did publish.
Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which does not endorse these pages. Every study line is in the data release 2.1.0, and the explorer's own file is clinical-trials-studies.json.
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